Edexcel, Genes and Health powerpoint

Genes & Health
TOPIC 2
EDEXCEL
AS LEVEL…read more

Topic Overview
Proteins
Enzymes
Cell membrane structure
Transport across cell membrane
Structure of DNA and replication
The genetic code and protein synthesis
Genes and inheritance
Inheritance of genetic disorders
Genetic screening and gene therapy…read more

Proteins
Proteins are made from long chains of amino acids
A dipeptide is formed when 2 amino acids join
together
A polypeptide is formed when more than 2 amino
acids join together
Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptides…read more

Proteins
Different amino acids have different variable groups:
Amino group
Carboxyl
group
Variable group ­
makes the amino
acid different
from another…read more

Proteins
Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to
form dipeptides and polypeptides
They are formed by condensation reactions
Condensation
reaction
Water is formed…read more

Proteins
Proteins have 4 structural levels
Primary structure ­ this is the sequence of amino acids in the
polypeptide chain. Held together by peptide bonds between amino
acids.
Secondary structure ­ hydrogen bonds form between nearby amino
acids. It coils into an alpha helix or fold into a beta pleated sheet.
Primary Secondary…read more