The Chicago School of Sociology


	Theory	Strengths
	Established in 1892 Ethnographic research methods e.g. participant observation Zonal hypothesis BURGESS Zone two - the zone in transition Zone in transition has higher crime rates than other zones SHAW and MCKAY Cultural transmission SUTHERLAND Differential association Social disorganisation can cause crime and deviance Excessive exposure to criminal ideas and values	Chicago Area Project
	Keywords and References	Weaknesses
	Ethnographic Participant observation Zonal hypothesis Cultural transmission Differential association NEWBURN, T. (2013) Criminology. 2nd Ed. Oxon: Routledge.	Why do people develop associations as SUTHERLAND suggests? Too descriptive Not enough to turn into testable hypotheses. Need a clear definition of social disorganisation Cultural transmission fails to explain certain formations like criminal subcultures It fails to explain all types of crime- what about white collar crime?

Why do people develop associations as SUTHERLAND suggests?
Too descriptive
Not enough to turn into testable hypotheses.
Need a clear definition of social disorganisation
Cultural transmission fails to explain certain formations like criminal subcultures
It fails to explain all types of crime- what about white collar crime?

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