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Advantages
- FOR - PROGRESSIVE
- LIBERAL NATIONALISM: Orinetated around political change, liberating a nation, presents nationality with an objective, fuller potential for humanity, unity of goals. Nations are entitled to make their own destiny and have sovereign indpendence, makes an ideal political community and a legitimate basis for a government. Mazzini: "individuals can only be free when society is." Seeks to advance and improve society making it fairer, apart of something better, eg the French Revolution "liberty, equality and fraternity". Overturned Divine right of Kings - religious structures to replace with progressive nation states.
- ANTI/ POST COLONIAL: Give the gov back to the indigenenous population, should be able to express self dtermination and individuality, throw off the shackles of imperialist rule and progress with a sense of pride and purpose. Often have a religious identity eg - the Islamic State. Frantz Fanon: Colonial power makes individuals wear white masks over their black skin. Marcus Garvey: Black society will be superior once white supremacy is defeated. Movements in countries such as: South Africa, Palestine and Cuba.
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Disadvantages
- AGAINST - REGRESSIVE
- CONSERVATIVE NATIONALISM: looks back, golden age, nation was more successful then, hope to recreate it, nostalgic, history as inspiration. Preserve cultural traditions and status quo, fear the world is spiralling out of control, defensive mindset. Eg - Putins Russia, wants to maintain regional hegemony, orthodox religious values - produces a sense of pride.
- CHAUVANISTIC NATIONALISM: Superiority of 1 nation - exaggerated form of patriotism, "my country, right or wrong." Often have elements of racial conquest, returning nation to native populatiom, anti-immigration, eg - Nazi Germany. Importance of military eg - North Korea. Paranoid about the outside so put their military programme before the needs of the people - protectionist policies.
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