Joseph Lister


	Who?	What did they do?
	Lister was a British doctor and pioneer of antiseptic surgery (1827 - 1912).	He used Pasteurs Germ Theory and adapted it to 'bacteria must be causing infection in open wounds'. He did an experiment where he put carbolic acid on the wound and the bandages. The wound healed and the patient didn't get gangrene. He published his work in 1867 and insisted that doctors and nurses s wash their hands with carbolic acid before operation.
	What factors helped them?	Other information
	Science - He used Carbolic acid. Individuals - Lister wanted to stop infection and was successful. Communication - He used Louis Pasteur's work and adapted it.	In 1864, Lister saw an account of remarkable effect of using Carbolic acid on sewage. It destroyed the parasites and he had an idea to use it on open fractures. He made a turning point in surgery as between 1864 and 1866 there had been sixteen deaths after thirty five amputations (46%). Between 1867 and 1870 when antiseptic was invented, there were six deaths after fourty operations (15%).

He used Pasteurs Germ Theory and adapted it to 'bacteria must be causing infection in open wounds'.
He did an experiment where he put carbolic acid on the wound and the bandages. The wound healed and the patient didn't get gangrene.
He published his work in 1867 and insisted that doctors and nurses s wash their hands with carbolic acid before operation.

In 1864, Lister saw an account of remarkable effect of using Carbolic acid on sewage. It destroyed the parasites and he had an idea to use it on open fractures.
He made a turning point in surgery as between 1864 and 1866 there had been sixteen deaths after thirty five amputations (46%). Between 1867 and 1870 when antiseptic was invented, there were six deaths after fourty operations (15%).

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