January 2013 3-05: Explain why President Franklin Roosevelt launched his ‘Second New Deal’ in 1935.(12 marks)

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January 2013 3-05: Explain why President Franklin Roosevelt launched his ‘Second New Deal’ in 1935.(12 marks)

Causes

  • the first New Deal had raised hopes of recovery from both the political Left and the Right.
  • there was little in the first New Deal that directly helped ‘ordinary’ people beyond developing jobs.
  • FDR needed to revive the momentum the New Deal had started, FDR wanted another term in office.
  • the first New Deal had revealed certain social and economic problems

Effects

  • However the Second New Deal had to have a different focus.  This was to be social and economic reform rather than mainly recovery
  • The Second New Deal aimed at practical reforms developing rights and security for the masses
  • In order to do so the Second New Deal made employment rise by 1935 and the interests of the workers now became significant. His social and economic reforms in 1935 were timely from a political point of view
  • the first New Deal revealed rural poverty.  It was also clear that violence and intimidation against trade union members was common.  The Second New Deal aimed to address these problems.

Overall summary

consider the gaps in the first New Deal and explain how the Second New Deal addressed these. FDR launched his ‘Second New Deal’ in June 1935.  Key measures included the Banking Act, the Wagner Act and the establishment of the WPA. This question is focused on the reasons why the New Deal entered a second phase from 1935.

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