Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

Causes

  • RELIGION AND EMPIRICISM
  • Weber PWE enc growth inc productivity and scientific reasoning prot notion you can't buy your way into heaven/atone for your sins using acts so attend to earthly life and work a little harder
  • empiricism not thinking of G as ultimate solution but Paduan Aristotelianism u/s science as answer = how to improve prod
  • TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES
  • intro of factories
  • focus on technology
  • move from basic, agrarian economy reliant on man/animal power to prosperous economy reliant on engineering development and sci prog
  • tech = circular; one tech dev to enhance another which dev first
  • demand for fossil fuels
  • coal to power machinery in new factories
  • factories along coal threads and communities around them
  • FF shaped infrastructure bc needed easy transportation from mining areas to cities
  • CLASS
  • Marx & Weber class struc key in IR
  • feudal econ deteriorated w/ rise of bourgeoisie signalling changing hands of power in classes
  • commercial rev preceding IR ushered in new systems of production i.e. capitalist trade
  • proto-capitalists outsourced textile work to rural, agricultural workers who needed extra income, sold goods cheaply on market and made profits
  • creation of proto-industrialism! also wage gap

Effects

  • RELIGION AND EMPIRICISM
  • change to patterns of prod/consump bc + enthusiastic workers so get + $, buy what they want
  • contrib to Fordism bc + focus on prod and tech to accommodate that
  • darwinism today towards postmodernity, religion backseat
  • TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES
  • inc productivity, output, speed of change
  • people produce more goods, faster, of better quality
  • bc better stuff, people buy more of it
  • contrib to Fordism bc emph on productivity and emph output, e.g. conveyor belt
  • tech lucrative now, always evolving to help our interactions
  • more prod possible bc of FF to power cars
  • consume + bc + available
  • production lines, factories (Fordism)
  • contemp rev away from FF, move to green energy (shut down mines :( in UK)
  • CLASS
  • emergence of free labour, living wages, growing infl/auth of mid-class in working environments
  • management class in Fordism = new job opps
  • classism still here today, established welfare state to support ppl in need and public services for everyone
  • intro of capitalism = make things on large scale and turn big profits
  • Fordist idea of mass producing
  • reinforce privilege now, but UK election shows new gen trying to make things better

Overall summary

all these things contrib to IR/intro of Fordism, can also help u/s modern social changes, these things left a lasting impact, see how vital they were for the transition from feudal to modern systems, introduced new production/consumption trends, introduced new economic models e.g. capitalism, set up the scene for modern society and the IR

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