Eukaryotic Cells

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Organelle in Eukaryotic Cell and its Structure

Role Within the Cell

  • Nucleus- has a double membrane (envelope), nuclear pores, nucleoplasm, chrosomosomes and nucleolus
  • Mitochondrian- double membrane, a cristae (inner memberane extension) and matrix (rest of the organelle)
  • Chloroplasts-double plasma membrane, thylakoids which hold the chlorophyll and stroma
  • RER- outer membrane, ribosomes present
  • SER- more tubular than RER as no ribomsomes
  • Golgi Apparatus- stack of membranes making up a flattened sac
  • Lysosomes- formed from golgi vesicles containing enzymes
  • Ribosomes- cytoplasmic granules, 80S (EUKARYOTIC)
  • Cell Wall- microfibrils of cellulose, have a middle lamella, fungi- chitin
  • Vacuoles
  • Allows the passage of large molecules out of the cell eg. mRNA
  • Site of aerobic respiration and production of ATP
  • Carries out photosynthesis
  • Provides a pathway for the transport of materials as well as a large surface area for synthesis of proteins
  • Store and transport lipids and carbohydrates
  • Secrete carbohydrates, form lysosomes, add carbs to proteins to form glycoproteins
  • Break down cells after they have died by releasing emzymes
  • Site of protein synthesis
  • Provides strength to prevents the cell bursting under pressure
  • Support herbaceous plants by making them turgid

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