Youth 1924-28

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  • Created by: Saffiee
  • Created on: 06-04-17 08:41
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  • Young People
    • Education
      • Gymnasiums were for those aiming at university
      • State education was divided along class lines. Gymnasiums - were from the middle and upper classes
      • Divided along religious lines. Protestants and Catholic churches had a powerful influence over religious education
      • Education reformers aimed to break down these divides and provide comprehensive education to all pupils
      • Reformers were partially successful in the introduction of elementary schools. All children had to attend for first 4 years of education
      • Reformers did not, however succeed in their aim of removing the influence of the churches from Schools
        • Both Protestant and Catholic churches vigorously and successfully defended right to promote religious teaching
    • Youth Groups
      • Political youth groups
        • The SPD was founded in 1925. It had the most members of any political youth group in the Weimar Period
        • The Young Communist League was founded in 1925 for the children of KPD member s
        • The Bismarck Youth, linked to the DNVP, was founded in 1922 and reached a membership of 42,000 by 1928. Strongest appeal was to middle and upper class youths in protestant areas, also had a strong working class
        • The Hitler Youth was linked to the Nazi Party. Its growth was slow in the 1920s, reaching a membership of only 13,000 in 1929
      • Church Youth Groups: Both protestants and Catholics had youth groups
        • Catholics had many different groups aimed at different sections of young people, e.g. New Germany, founded in 1919 and aimed at middle class youths
        • Protestants did not give youth work as high priority. Groups had fewer members
        • In both religions, task of the youth groups were to promote religious observance and respect for the church, family and school
      • Wandervogel (Wandering Birds)
        • First Wandervogel was set up in 1896 by a Berlin School teacher
        • movement quickly spread and groups consisted of mainly middle class boys
        • highly nationalistic and were non-political. Had a romanticised view of Germany's past
        • Much of their time was spent hiking in the forests, swimming in lakes and sleeping under canvas
        • rejected middle class social conventions. Hated industrialisation and big cities
    • Employment
      • Children mostly from the working class, who didn't attend Gymnasium schools were supposed to leave school at the age of 14 and begin an apprenticeship
        • Were fewer apprenticeships during the Weimar years. In 1925-26 17 per cent of the unemployed were in the 14-21 age group, partly due to baby boom between 1900-10
      • Benefit system provided some help for young people and day centres were established to help youths acquire skills for work
        • However, it couldn't compensate for lack of employment opportunity. Led to youths joining gangs - saw an increase in extremist parties
      • many young people were seeking employment at a time when employers were reducing their workfoces

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