1923 Germany
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- Created on: 27-04-14 18:02
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- Years of Unrest 1919-1923
- Reasons for discontent
- Blamed others for losing the war, including the communists (KPD), Jews and government.
- Denied they had lost the war- blamed the 'November Criminals'
- Government seen as weak and ineffective- TOV had made living conditions worse in Germany.
- Thousands poor and staving- influenza epidemic killed thousands
- Riots and Rebellions
- Spartacist Revolt, 1919, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht (communist leaders)- crushed by the Freikorps.
- 1920- the Kapp Putsch. Some Freikorps (right-wing) joined in, led by Wolfgang Kapp and managed to take over Berlin and form a new government.
- Workers staged a general strike, and Kapp gave up, knowing he was not supported.
- Rebels not punished- many judges sympathised.
- 1920- the Kapp Putsch. Some Freikorps (right-wing) joined in, led by Wolfgang Kapp and managed to take over Berlin and form a new government.
- Workers staged a general strike, and Kapp gave up, knowing he was not supported.
- Rebels not punished- many judges sympathised.
- Rebels not punished- many judges sympathised.
- Workers staged a general strike, and Kapp gave up, knowing he was not supported.
- 1920- the Kapp Putsch. Some Freikorps (right-wing) joined in, led by Wolfgang Kapp and managed to take over Berlin and form a new government.
- Rebels not punished- many judges sympathised.
- Workers staged a general strike, and Kapp gave up, knowing he was not supported.
- In 1922 Walter Rathenau, the Jewish, foreign minister assasinated by former Freikorp.
- Many Germans now anti-semetic, used jews as scapegoats.
- Riots and Rebellions
- Spartacist Revolt, 1919, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht (communist leaders)- crushed by the Freikorps.
- In 1922 Walter Rathenau, the Jewish, foreign minister assasinated by former Freikorp.
- Many Germans now anti-semetic, used jews as scapegoats.
- Many Germans now anti-semetic, used jews as scapegoats.
- Riots and Rebellions
- Many Germans now anti-semetic, used jews as scapegoats.
- 1923- Crisis Year
- Hyperinflation- came to a peak in 1923.
- Production can't keep up with the amount of money being printed, so money keeps losing value.
- 3 main results:
- Middle class' bank savings became worthless.
- Wages paid twice a day before prices went up again.
- The German mark became worthless.
- Occupation of the Ruhr
- French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr (Germany's main industrial region)
- Passive resistance- made the situation worse as Germany wasn't making any money.
- French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr (Germany's main industrial region)
- Munich Putsch
- Things going badly for the Weimar Republic- it seemed weak.
- Hitler and the Nazis planned to overthrow the the government , and take control
- Occupied a beer hall in Munich, Bavaria where local government leaders were meeting, and the next day declared revolution had begun.
- Marched into Munich with the SA, but the police and army were waiting- revolt quickly collapsed.
- Hitler given 5 year sentence, served 9 months (supportive judges) and 16 Nazis killed.
- Marched into Munich with the SA, but the police and army were waiting- revolt quickly collapsed.
- Occupied a beer hall in Munich, Bavaria where local government leaders were meeting, and the next day declared revolution had begun.
- Hitler and the Nazis planned to overthrow the the government , and take control
- Reasons Hitler carried it out:
- Nazis stronger than ever
- Nationalists furious with WR for calling off general strike
- Thought he would be helped by important politicians
- Huge army of SA
- Hoped to copy Mussolini (Italian fascist leader).
- Things going badly for the Weimar Republic- it seemed weak.
- Hyperinflation- came to a peak in 1923.
- Results of Munich Putsch
- Munich Putsch
- Things going badly for the Weimar Republic- it seemed weak.
- Hitler and the Nazis planned to overthrow the the government , and take control
- Occupied a beer hall in Munich, Bavaria where local government leaders were meeting, and the next day declared revolution had begun.
- Marched into Munich with the SA, but the police and army were waiting- revolt quickly collapsed.
- Hitler given 5 year sentence, served 9 months (supportive judges) and 16 Nazis killed.
- Marched into Munich with the SA, but the police and army were waiting- revolt quickly collapsed.
- Occupied a beer hall in Munich, Bavaria where local government leaders were meeting, and the next day declared revolution had begun.
- Hitler and the Nazis planned to overthrow the the government , and take control
- Reasons Hitler carried it out:
- Nazis stronger than ever
- Nationalists furious with WR for calling off general strike
- Thought he would be helped by important politicians
- Huge army of SA
- Hoped to copy Mussolini (Italian fascist leader).
- Things going badly for the Weimar Republic- it seemed weak.
- Hitler wrote 'Mein Kampf' in prison- described his beliefs and ambitions. It was a bestseller in Gemany.
- Hitler decided to change tactics- Nazi party banned, but after being released, Hitler re-established it as leader.
- Hitler decided the only way to achieve his ambitions was through the democratic system. He used national propaganda to raise awareness and support.
- Munich Putsch
- Stresemann and the Golden Years
- Chancellor for a few months, then Foreign Minister.Thought working with other countries was Germany's best chance of recovery.
- Changed currency to fight hyperinflation.(celled Rentenmark)
- Dawes Plan- 800 million marks to boost economy and industry.
- Locarno Treaty- agreements with other countries.
- Called off passive resistance.
- Joined League of Nations.
- As economy increased, industry began to provide jobs.
- Chancellor for a few months, then Foreign Minister.Thought working with other countries was Germany's best chance of recovery.
- Reasons for discontent
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