X-rays in Medicine
- Created by: Jo Wells
- Created on: 19-04-13 23:11
View mindmap
- X-rays in Medicine
- x-ray images are used in hospitals for medical diagnosis
- x-rays are high frequency, short wavelength electromagnetic waves
- wavelength roughly same size as the diameter of an atom
- are transmitted by (pass through) healthy tissue, but are absorbed by denser material - e.g. bone & tissue
- they affect photographic film in same way as light - can be used to take photographs
- x-ray photographs can be used to diagnose many medical conditions - e.g. bone fractures/dental problems
- x-ray images can be formed electronically using charge-coupled devices (CCDs)
- silicon chips divided up into millions of pixels
- detect x-rays and produce electronic signals - used to form high resolution images
- silicon chips divided up into millions of pixels
- x-rays are high frequency, short wavelength electromagnetic waves
- CT scans use x-rays
- Computerised Axial Tomography (CT or CAT) scans - use x-rays to produce high resolution images of soft & hard tissue
- patient is put inside cylindrical scanner & an x-ray beam is fired through body from an x-ray tube & picked up by detectors on opposite side
- x-ray tube & detectors are rotated during scan
- computer interprets signals to form an image of a 2D slice through the body
- multiple 2D images can be put together to form a 3D image
- computer interprets signals to form an image of a 2D slice through the body
- x-ray tube & detectors are rotated during scan
- patient is put inside cylindrical scanner & an x-ray beam is fired through body from an x-ray tube & picked up by detectors on opposite side
- Computerised Axial Tomography (CT or CAT) scans - use x-rays to produce high resolution images of soft & hard tissue
- x-rays can be used to treat cancer
- x-rays can cause ionisation - high doses will kill living cells
- can therefore be used to treat cancers
- x-rays can cause ionisation - high doses will kill living cells
- have to be carefully focused & at right dosage to kill the cancer cells withougt damaging too many other cells
- to treat cancer
- x-rays are focused on tumour using a wia wide beam
- beam is rotated round the patient with tumour at the centre
- this minimises chances of other cells being exposed to radiation - reduces chances of damaging rest of the body
- beam is rotated round the patient with tumour at the centre
- x-rays are focused on tumour using a wia wide beam
- radiographers take precautions to minimise radiation dose
- prolonged exposure to radiation can be damaging to the body
- radiographers wear lead aprons, stand behind a lead screen or leave the room whilst the scan is taking place
- lead is used to shield areas of the patients body that aren't being scanned & exposure times to x-rays are always kept to an absolute minimum
- x-ray images are used in hospitals for medical diagnosis
Comments
No comments have yet been made