Russia in WW2 (economic, social, political and opposition)
- Created by: Jesshake01
- Created on: 26-02-19 17:47
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- Russia in WW2
- Opposition
- Hitler hoped to encourage an anti-Stalinist revolt
- Germans welcomed as liberators of harsh Stalinism
- Estonia, Lithuania, Belorussia + Ukraine
- Those in national minority areas became collaborationists ('Hilfswillige')
- Estonia, Lithuania, Belorussia + Ukraine
- Cossacks widely involved in Nazi collaboration (later annihilated)
- Worked against Nazi - harnessing support of non-Russian nationalists
- Racial divide
- Nazi policy to kill 75% and enslave others angered Russians
- Bomb-making factory hidden in Naliboki forest (run by Jews)
- Germans welcomed as liberators of harsh Stalinism
- Russian liberation movement
- Formed in Ukraine under Andrey Vlasov
- Became a division of the Waffen-**
- At its peak had 50 000 soldiers fighting against the 'Red Army'
- Order #227 - 'no one step backwards'
- More than 150,000 sentenced to death
- Penal battalions
- For those who broke discipline
- Most dangerous jobs
- Hitler hoped to encourage an anti-Stalinist revolt
- Political impact
- Stalin action to prevent political disintegration
- Aug 1941 dissolved Volga German republic + sent people to the east
- Deported suspect ethnic groups
- E.G. Karachai Kalmyks Chechens Ingushi Meskhetians
- 1.5 mill were uprooted
- Extension of the purges
- Those 'suspected' were treated brutally
- 2/3rds survived journey to Siberia
- Army
- Political education of troops
- Stalin brought back badges of rank
- 5 mill candidate members and 2.6 mill new members joined the party
- 2.5 mill from army + navy
- By 1945 1/4 armed forces communist + 20% members of Komosol
- Communism over fascism
- Stalin action to prevent political disintegration
- Social impact
- Workers/ soldiers
- 70-77 hr working week
- Holiday suspended
- Food shortages - 6 mill death due to starvation
- Refugee crisis - 1000s live in tents winter "41-"45
- Church
- Russian patriarch (abolished by Tsar) reinstated
- Clergy released from camps
- Lift morale
- Arm of gov
- Not allowed real autonomy
- Women
- Tax increased if less than 2 kids
- + kids = 'heroines of SU'
- +1/2 mill fought in SU as pilots/ snipers/ tank commanders
- 1945 - 4/5+ land workers female
- local defence
- Partisans
- Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya = 'hero of SU'
- Refusal to betray comrades when caught by Nazi
- "43 = 30 000
- "45 = million+
- 1000s innocent massacred in villages
- Forced to live in occupied territory
- Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya = 'hero of SU'
- Workers/ soldiers
- Economic impact
- Scorched earth policy
- Destroy anything useful for enemy before retreating
- Totalitarian regime = had to
- 5YPs + command economy meant they could enforce this
- 1532 factories + workers transplanted
- New railways to front line
- People commissar = max production
- By mid-1943 industrial output exceeded Germany
- Superior quality
- T-34 tank
- Food
- Strict rationing
- Grain harvest "42 1/3rd of "the 40
- Encouraged to cultivate soil
- Foreign aid
- Tanks/Lorries from UK (Iran sent)
- By mid-1943 industrial output exceeded Germany
- Superior quality
- T-34 tank
- By mid-1943 industrial output exceeded Germany
- 17.5 mill tonnes military equip/ transport/ food shipped from West
- 94%US
- "41 lend lease = 11 bill $ aid
- Supplied 5 mill tonnes of food
- Food
- Strict rationing
- Grain harvest "42 1/3rd of "the 40
- Encouraged to cultivate soil
- Food
- 94%US
- Tanks/Lorries from UK (Iran sent)
- Scorched earth policy
- Opposition
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