Word Formation- Lexis
Spider diagram of the different types of word formation.
- Created by: Kate
- Created on: 14-05-13 14:27
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- Word Formation
- Compunding- When we combine 2 lexemes to form a new lexeme
- Solid compounds: houseplant, password
- Hyphenated Compounds: phone-booth
- Open Compound: hockey stick
- Affixation- method of fixing bound morphemes to lexemes (prefixes, infixes and suffixes
- Change grammatical function (word class)
- Antonymy- creation of opposites
- Conversion- the word can Change from one grammatical function to another (word class)
- eg. desert, drink, smell
- Blending- Takes 2 independent lexemes to create a new independent lexeme with its own semantic function
- Eg. smoke + fog = smog
- Back-Formation - short words derived from older words which were longer
- eg. Normal to norm, singer to sing.
- Clipping- loss of syllables from lexemes- can occur at beginning or end of words
- Procope- loss at beginning. eg. omnibus becomes bus
- Apocope- Loss at the end. eg. televison becomes tele.
- Acronyms- Using initial phonemes/ graphemes to produce new lexemes. eg. NATO, TARDIS, SWAT.
- Eponyms- Words created from names (usually inventors). eg. Biro, Marxism, sandwich.
- Nonce Words- (Nonce= present occasion/ time being). Words created for particular occasions- often derived from brand names but come to represent all the examples of a particular thing.
- Eg. Hoover, Durex
- Reduplication- Repetition of identical or near identical lexemes or phonemes.eg. weewee, humpty dumpty, fiddle faddle.
- Compunding- When we combine 2 lexemes to form a new lexeme
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