Women and Children

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  • Created by: Phoebe
  • Created on: 04-05-13 15:46
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  • Women and Children
    • Education
      • 1920s
        • Young people encouraged to challenge views of parents and teachers
        • no textbooks or emans
      • 1930s
        • Discipline is essential
          • Komsomol
        • Training for work force
        • Parents to teach children to have respect
        • Modernise USSR
        • Increase literacy standards
        • /Indoctrination
        • Core curriculum
        • 10 years compulsory schooling
        • fees fior last 3 years of school
          • Not communist
        • 1929 to 1940 number of children attending rose from 12 to 35 million
        • from 1926 to 1940 literacy rate from 51 to 88%
        • elite society
          • tutors
            • the party decided who got the training for university
        • Teaching of great Russians
        • Textbooks
    • Family
      • 1920s
        • Family and marriage considered Bourgeosie
        • Free Love
        • Capitalist marriage laws abused women
        • Women joined the party
        • divorce made legal - wedding rings banned 1928
        • recognized illegitimate children as full citizens
        • abortion legalised
        • state responsible for raising children
        • wanted to raise children separately from parents but too costly
        • by 1927 1/3 of all marriages in Moscow ended in divorce
        • By end of 1920s Russian divorce rates highest in Europe
          • Orphans  - Women poor
      • 1930s
        • Traditional family roles and sexual attitudes reinstated
        • Propaganda encouraged family
          • Stalin seen as Father
            • Often pictured with children
        • STable family
        • Good communists are socially responsible
        • closed down Zhenotdel  ( womens branch of CPSU)
        • Decline in birth rates due to collectivisation/5yearplans/famine
          • Women rewarded 7 - 2000 roubles 11- 5000 roubles
        • 1937 91% of men and 82% of women married
        • Contraception unavailable
        • 1934 abstinence no sex before marriage government campiagn
        • Had to pay for divorce (basically illegal)
        • Homosexuality /incest,bigamy illegal  1936
        • 1944 abortion outlawed
        • Increased taxes for families with less than two children
    • Women
      • undermined after sexual liberation under Lenin
      • Housewives movement replaced Zhenotdel
      • Mother and worker
      • 1930s only earned 60% of what men did for the same job
      • 1930-45 80% of agriculture workers women

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