Women in Education

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  • Created by: Julia
  • Created on: 19-05-19 16:18
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  • Women in Education
    • Pre/Early 20c
      • Essentialist view that a set of knowledge and skills assigned to each gender
        • Fear that women would remain children, personal growth would be limited
          • "este sistema educativo...limita a la mujer, la estrecha y reduce, haciendol mas pequena aun que el tamano natural, y mantiendola en perpetua infancia"
          • Fear of women losing their beauty and maternal qualities
            • "cuando cada mujer sea un hombre mas, es decir cuando ya no haya mujeres, no seremos mas que polvo, indiferentes a los atractivos del ****"
            • "la magia prodigiosa del simple rumor de una falda que iba y venia"
        • Rhetoric, maths, astronomy for men; art, languages, geography, music for women
      • Women limited to the home or factories
        • 1910 started to access higher education
          • But Concepcion Arenal was first woman to attend uni in 1841, provided she dressed as a man
      • Women who could access education were taught things linked to marriage and maternity
    • Second Republic 1931-1939
      • 1932 women could sit secretary exams
      • Nation was to change/modernise, should women do the same?
    • Civil War 1936-1939
      • Fear of economic decline pushed girls into colleges and unis
        • Nada - Andrea sent to university in Barcelona after war, carrera de letras
      • Seccion Feminina 1934
        • "Ensenaremos a las mujeres el cuidado del hogar [...] el arreglo de la casa y a conocer las labores artesanas y la musica" P.P.R
          • Changes her mind - "que desde hace tiempo hubiera sido preciso que la mujer estudiara"
            • BUT "no es lo mismo la mujer casada con la responsabilidad fundamental de hijos menores y marido en casa"
        • Taught principles of Falange movement in schools
      • Mujeres Libres 1936
        • Educated female workers through literacy programs, technically oriented classes and social studies
        • Schools created for training nurses
        • Meical classes on sexual and health and pre/post natal care
    • Franco Dictatorship 1939-1975
      • Women returned to domestic sphere
    • Transition to democracy 1975-1992
      • Vindicacion Feminina in publication 1976-9
    • Beyond the Transition 1992-
      • Ley Organica 1/2004 gender violence - "medidas de sensibilizacion e intervencion en el ambito educativo"
        • 4.1. Compulsory education in gender equality for all
      • Equality measures in education adopted in Ley Organica 3/2007 para la igualdad efectiva de mujeres y hombres

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