How were the Crusader States able to be established and maintained 1099-1040
- Created by: tash_c1ark
- Created on: 20-04-21 10:42
View mindmap
- Why were the crusader states able to be established and sustained? 1100-1140
- 1. Castles
- Built for military and administrative purposes
- Military function was to protect valleys and passes as well as dominating areas eg Krak des Chevaliers
- Castles in the South were built for more offensive purposes - to put pressure cities such as Ascalon
- Castles are hard to capture - crusaders knew this from personal experience
- physical visual symbol of power
- 2. Military Orders
- Hospitallers 1099
- Channel religious zeal of the church to minister to the poor and sick
- 1136 they were entrusted with garrisoning castles and controlled fortresses
- provided a very high standard of care
- Admitted Christians, Jews and Muslims
- Knights Templar 1119
- Provided protection for pilgrims on the journey from the coast to Jerusalem
- money --> more people -->man power in emergency
- recruited from Europe
- skilled fighters, devoted to fight for God
- incredibly effective military force - Muslims saw them as a threat and started to kill and ransom knights
- custodians of castles
- Provided protection for pilgrims on the journey from the coast to Jerusalem
- set up due to lack of men following the FC
- Hospitallers 1099
- 3. Trade
- established trading routes East and through Syria into Asia
- Ports on the West coast provided links to the Mediterranean
- Sea Ports: Beirut, Tyre, Tripoli and Acre etc
- trade from the West brought supplies and men
- Pilgrims were brought over
- Rural agriculture trade was also encouraged
- Rulers
- Baldwin I
- captured coastal ports and repelled Fatimid attacks
- Attracted settlers from the West and granted them land in turn for their dependency
- Baldwin II
- Attracted settlers from the West and granted them land in turn for their dependency
- captured Tyre - a useful port
- Baldwin I
- Muslim Division & relations
- Muslims still hadn't been fully united under Zengi's idea of Jihad
- Antioch was able to survive through good terms with Muslim neighbours
- 1. Castles
- Although often at odds with one another, they were fundamental in providing strategies for battle
- Trade allowed the States to gain wealth and Prosperity and is used to determine how successful Outremer became
- Muslim division allowed for coexistence between the crusaders states and Muslim settlements which also led to trade which benefitted both groups
- Strong rulers meant a strong state. Strong leadership will mean there is stability in the State
Comments
No comments have yet been made