Why did Saladin defeat the Crusaders in 1187?
- Created by: tash_c1ark
- Created on: 19-04-22 12:30
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- Why did Saladin defeat the Crusaders in 1187?
- Saladin's political and military skill
- Truces with the States
- ended in 1186
- Led to Hattin
- ended in 1186
- Consolidated Islamic territory before attacking the Crusaders
- Damascus
- Mosul
- Aleppo
- Egypt
- Married Nur ad-Din's widow
- takes control of his family
- prevents the sons from succeeding
- takes control of his family
- Had control of Egypt
- the most wealthy region in the Middle East
- Truces with the States
- Muslim unity and strength
- Saladin was able to unite the various Muslim cities and regions under his empire
- unification increased his numbers for battle
- Eg 20,000 at Hattin
- now united under Jihad
- Crusader Factionalism and Weak Leadership
- Succession issues were the root of the leadership weaknesses
- Died without an heir - Baldwin III
- = factionalism
- Too sick/incapable to lead - Baldwin IV
- needed a regent - Raymond III
- too young - required a regent - Baldwin V
- Raymond III of Tripoli
- 1186 Sibylla was made Queen to Raymond's annoyance
- Died without an heir - Baldwin III
- many deaths of leaders in short time - unable to restore stability
- There was factionalism and tension on who was to become regent
- Succession issues were the root of the leadership weaknesses
- Lack of Manpower
- Very few men were left to defend Jerusalem
- At Hattin, Crusaders had a very small army
- few Military Orders, and mostly consisted of able-bodied men who weren't skilled
- Lack of Support from Byzantium and Western Europe
- Death of Manuel I left a child heir
- = opposition and factionalism
- Saladin made alliances with the Byzantines to not attack (marriage alliance)
- prevents Byzantine support from the Franks
- Andronicus promised Saladin a free hand against the Franks in return for protection of the Turks
- Conflict between English and French kings prevented them going to the east
- Henry II planned to go to the Holy Lands but rebellion prevented him
- Complete failure of the 2nd Crusade made European leaders unwilling to send their own men and resources to help
- Byzantines are always more concerned with ensuring there is a buffer zone between them and the Turks
- Death of Manuel I left a child heir
- Saladin's political and military skill
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