What Social and Cultural changes were there 1964-70.
- Created by: Lily S Miller
- Created on: 20-03-17 19:00
View mindmap
- What Social and Cultural changes were there 1964-70.
- Growth in Leisure Activities
- Leisure time expanded as fewer people were expected to work on Saturday Mornings and weekends could be given over to leisure activities.
- Leisure travel turnt into mass tourism. 2 weeks in spain cost as little as £20, this encouraged the development of toursit resorts.
- TV accounted for 23% of Leisure Time. Cookery, Needlework and Knitting still had a place In the 1960's home.
- Passenger, bus, coach and train travel declined as the use of the car grew to account for 77% of journeys.
- Permitted travel to alternative shopping centres and leisure facilities.
- Leisure became a profitable business.
- Technological improvements meant that cars had become more affordable.
- Leisure time expanded as fewer people were expected to work on Saturday Mornings and weekends could be given over to leisure activities.
- Scientific Development.
- In 1961, the first person had gone into Space.
- The Post Office tower opened in 1965 to improve telecommunications.
- The Anglo-French partnership continued to develop the supersonic concorde aircraft.
- Despite economic problems and financial restraints, there was progress.
- Mass Media
- By 1961, 75% of the population had a TV in their home, by 1971 this was 91%.
- Mass Media grew in size and type, money was diverted from radio to television.
- Created a uniformity of culture and ended the isolation of distant communities.
- Opened up new opportunities for marketing.
- The Sun was launched in 1964 and replaced the working class newspaper, the Daily Herald. Brought by Rupert Murdoch in 1969.
- Teenagers no longer had to listen to what their parents want to hear and personal radios meant that programmes could be targeted at different audiences.
- Guidlines to nudity and swearing were revised.
- Reduction in Censorship
- Playwrights began experimenting with new styles of plays, addressng social issues with a frankness that led to clashes with the office of the Lord Chamberlin.
- New plays had to gain a license from the Lord Chamberlins office before they were allowed to be performed.
- In 1968, George Strauss introduced a bill which removed theatrical censorship. This permitted nudity on stage, as celebrated by the Cast of Hair, whho faced the audience naked for 30 seconds in celebration.
- Films were still under strict categorisation by the British Board of Films.
- By the end of the decade, screen viloence and sex had become more acceptable and explicit.
- Progress Towards Female Equality
- The belief that the duty of a women was to be a good life and mother, keeping a clean home and feeding children and husband, remained strong throughout most of the 1960's.
- The National Health Service (Family Planning) Act of 1967, allowed local authorities to provide contraceptives and contraceptive advice for the first time.
- Feminism spread to Britain, spurred on by the works of Betty Friedan (The Feminine Mystique)
- She argued that women were unfulfilled with restricted lives.
- A growth in female education contributed to growing frustration.
- By 1970, Women accounted for only 28% of students in higher education. And only 5% of women ever reached managerial posts.
- Childminders were rare in the 1960's and private nurseries were only available to the wealthy.
- Womens National Co-Ordination Committee- Brought various strands of the feminist movement together.
- Equal Pay, Free Contraception and Abortion on Request, equal education and job opportunities, free 24 hour childcare.
- Matrimonial Property Act 1970- Established that the work of a wife, whether in paid employment or in the home, should be take into account in divorce settlements.
- The 1970 equal pay act established the principle of equal pay for equal work, didn't come into force for a further 5 years.
- The belief that the duty of a women was to be a good life and mother, keeping a clean home and feeding children and husband, remained strong throughout most of the 1960's.
- Changes in Moral attitude and the Permissive Society.
- Critics use the term in a negative way believing it was a decline in conventional moral standards.Encouraged by the contraceptive pill, spread of mass media and liberal legislation
- Permissive ideas were spread through the media, from teen magazines to a number of uncensored novels.
- Cocaine and Heroin addiction became 10 x more prevalent in the first half of the 1960's. The 'Hippy Lifestyle' promoted Drug Culture.
- Dangerous Drugs act 1967, made it unlawful to possess drugs such as cannabis and cocaine.
- Cocaine and Heroin addiction became 10 x more prevalent in the first half of the 1960's. The 'Hippy Lifestyle' promoted Drug Culture.
- Previously taboo subjects were discussed in books, on the radio and on television.
- National Viewers and Listeners association-1965- Soon had 100,000 members.Despite Lobbying, there was little impact on the programmes showed.
- Permissive ideas were spread through the media, from teen magazines to a number of uncensored novels.
- The Catholic church was hostile towards the contraceptive pill.
- Critics use the term in a negative way believing it was a decline in conventional moral standards.Encouraged by the contraceptive pill, spread of mass media and liberal legislation
- Youth Culture
- Young people clashed with their parents over fashion, musical tastes and moral standards.
- Youth Culture was largely defined by fashion and music.For a short while in the 1960's, London was the fashion capital of the world.
- Young people listened to popular music by tuning into one of the pirate radio stations or BBC Radio one.
- Programmes like top of the pops helped to spread the latest trends in music, dance,Jargon and dress.
- Anti-Vietnam War Riots
- In the Summer of 1965, there were teach ins on Vietnam at Oxford University and LSE.
- The Vietnam Solidarity Campaign was set up in 1966, had considerable support among university students.
- 28th March 1968, Battle of Grosvenor Square. which ended in 200 people being arrested.
- 'Cant Kick our Creditor in the balls'
- Issues of Immigration and Race
- A survey in North London in 1965 found that one in five objected to working with black people or asians. Half said they would refuse to live next door to a black person. 9 out of 10 disapproved of mixed marriages.
- Race relations act forbade discrimination in public places, However, discrimination in housing and employment were excluded.
- A Further race relations act was introduced in 1968, this banned racial discrimination in housing, employment, insurance and other services.
- Growth in Leisure Activities
Comments
No comments have yet been made