GCSE tectonic hazard - VOLCANOES
- Created by: annabellems
- Created on: 21-10-18 13:17
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- Volcanoes
- Where?
- Constructive Plate Boundaries
- Magma rises up into the gap created by plates moving apart - forming a volcanoe
- Destructive Plate Boundaries
- Oceanic plate goes under the continental plate (because it's more dense)
- Oceanic plate moves down into the mantle - where it's melted/ destroyed
- Pool of magma forms - rises through cracks in the crust called vents
- Magma erupts onto the surface forming a volcano
- Pool of magma forms - rises through cracks in the crust called vents
- Oceanic plate moves down into the mantle - where it's melted/ destroyed
- Oceanic plate goes under the continental plate (because it's more dense)
- Hotspots
- Parts of the mantle that are really hot
- Constructive Plate Boundaries
- Effects
- Primary
- Buildings and roads are destroyed by lava flows & pyroclastcic flows
- Buildings may also collapse if enough ash falls on them
- People and animals are injured or killed by pyroclastic flows, lava flows and falling rocks
- Crops are damaged and water supplies are contaminated when ash falls on them
- People, animals and plants are suffocated by volcanic gases
- Buildings and roads are destroyed by lava flows & pyroclastcic flows
- Secondary
- Mudflows form when volcanic material mixes with water
- Mudflows and landslides cause more death destruction and injury
- Flooding can be caused by hot rock, ash and gas melting ice and snow on the volcano, Rock and ash can also clog up rivers and dams.
- Transport networks blocked or destroyed - emergency and aid vehicles can't get through
- People are left homeless. Businesses damaged or destroyed causing unemployment
- Tourism disrupted - but can then increase
- Ash makes fields more fertile once it's broken down
- Recovering can take a lot of money - damaging a country's economy
- Mudflows form when volcanic material mixes with water
- Primary
- Responses
- Immediate
- Evacuate people before the eruption or as soon as possible
- Provide food, drink and shelter for evacuated people
- Treat the injured
- Rescue anyone cut off by damage to roads or bridges
- Untitled
- Secondary
- Immediate
- Where?
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