Violence and death

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  • Violence and death
    • PUGH 2. She was 19 and she was bored
      • 3rd person narrative persona is a women breaking away from the stereotypical connfinments of being a woman and joining "murderous crew of mediocrities"
        • Alliteration: presents her as a normal girl with a spark of evil which was ignited
          • Like Duffy;s persona, the woman seeks revenge for her mistreatment seeking "a whip, and enough authority"
            • Relates to the dangerous consequences of the mistreatment of people
            • "people lived and died at her option" illuminates Duffys persona who wants to "Play god"
    • DUFFY 1.     A healthy meal
      • 3rd person narrator... but narration is belief/ opinion of 1st person (ie. Duffy)
        • CAD is a strong minded vegetarian/ vegan and this poem reflects her own views of meat eating
          • Expresses her own disgust at the gluttony through the poem through sibilance "swiSH oxtailS languiSH (Sprawledm- dead)    diSH"
        • Satire of eating animal meat
          • CONTEXT Highly controversial - animal welfare movement concerning veal in the 1980's after photos of calves were released tethered in crates unable to move.
        • "Calf to veal in four attempts" Mocking/ scathing tone (covering up what we eat) Ie calf call cell vell veal
      • Stanzaic enjambment "there are napkins to wipe the evidence// and sauces to gag the groans of abattoirs" groans connotes to pain and suffering
      • METAPHORE "these hearts knew no love on their beds of saffron rice" = the side they're served with but also the bed where they've been layed to rest
      • Characterisation: "a fat man... sweat" and woman "chewing suckling pig" suckling eludes to both the process of chewing but the tender age of the pig when it was killed for meat
        • IDIOM/ SLOGAN ending :  "You are what you eat" reminding people that they're savage killers eatingthe innocent animals
    • DUFFY 2. Education for leisure
      • 1st person narrative, dramatic monologue, voice of teenage boy who has left school and is claiming benefits
        • CAD "i do not specify in the poem that the speaker is male. This is because I was concerened to allow a voice to emerge from the poem not just a character..but i had a male voice in my head when i wrote it "
          • Boy becomes increasingly frustrated and destructive becasue of his situation, leading him to carry out a knife attck
      • Setting = bleak isolating, monotonous. "grey with boredom stirring in the streets"
        • CHARACTERISATION "the cat avoids me" "the budgie is panicking" animals are fearful, highlighting destructive behav
          • Aminals are smaller than him (sense of authority and control)
      • REPETITION"today i am going to kill something" "and today i am going to play god"
        • Emphasis on day depicts a sense of determination and purpose, in a society that leaves the youth undeterminged
          • FORESHADOWING "he cuts me off" cut - connotations of knife violence
            • SHORT SENTENCSE present a jabbing quality, anticipating knife use at the end of the poem
          • CONTEXT CAD worked as a visiting poet in a school in east london. This poem relates to the schools policy of exclusion of disruptive/ difficult pupils
            • Flaws in schooliing system: how failure can be tragic/ dangerous.
              • M Thatcher "there is no such thing as society" she vigourously encouraged the persuit of individual welath, leaving vunerable parts of society suffering economically and educationally
                • Poem is c critisism of thatchers educational policies and how it affects parts of society
        • "I am a genius" "the cat knows i am a genius" sense of growing confidence
          • IRONY in title: means to convey there will always be time for education whereas the future does not look bright for education
            • ALLUSION to king lear act 4, gloucesters speech condemning violence
              • The speaker in Education for Leisure is misunderstanding this as a licence to treat life casually, and to kill.
    • PUGH 2. Cameraman
      • Pugh address' the ignorance of people through the job of the cameraman - witnessing catastrophe
        • Unlike Duffy's narrator Pugh's narrator is not particularly scathing, but rather a sympathetic tone towards the camera man
          • It is the supreme irony of this situation that the very nature of doing what prompts action in others is by those same people condemned for heartlessness.
            • wheras duffy addresses the suffering of animals at the expense of our diet, In pugh's poem only through the unflinching nature of these people (cameramen) that others are engaged to act at all.
    • Humans are ignorant towards violence and suffering so as not to feel guilt
    • Boredom can lead to violence

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