Ventilation in fish mindmap
- Created by: efg150
- Created on: 26-03-21 14:59
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- Ventilation in Fish
- Counter-Current System
- Blood flows through the gill plates in one direction and water flows over in the opposite direction.
- It maintains a large concentration gradient between the water and the blood.
- The concentration of oxygen in the water is always higher than that in the blood.
- So as much oxygen as possible diffuses from the water into the blood.
- The concentration of oxygen in the water is always higher than that in the blood.
- There's a lower conc. of oxyen in water than in air.
- So fish have special adaptions to get enough of it.
- Water, containing oxygen, enters the fish through its mouth and passes out through the gills.
- Gills
- Made of lots of thin branches.
- Gill Filaments/ Primary lamellae
- Covered in lots of tiny structures
- Gill plates/ Secondary lamellae
- Have lots of blood capillaries and a thin surface layer of cells to speed up diffusion.
- Increase the surface area even more
- Gill plates/ Secondary lamellae
- Covered in lots of tiny structures
- Gives a big surface area for exchange of gases.
- Gill Filaments/ Primary lamellae
- Each gill is supported by a gill arch.
- Made of lots of thin branches.
- How the gills are usually ventilated in bony fish
- 1
- The fish opens its mouth, which lowers the floor of the buccal cavity.
- The volume of the buccal cavity increases, decreasing the pressure inside the cavity.
- Water is then sucked in to the cavity.
- 2
- When the fish closes its mouth, the floor of the buccal cavity is raised again.
- The volume inside the cavity decreases, the pressure increases, and water is forced out of the cavity across the gill filaments.
- 3
- Each gill is covered by a bony flap called the operculum.
- The increase in pressure forced the operculum on each side of the head to open, allowing water to leave the gills.
- Bony fish
- Salmon and cod
- They have a skeleton made of bone (not all fish do).
- 1
- Buccal cavity
- The space inside the mouth
- Operculum
- Protects the gill.
- Counter-Current System
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