Utilitarianism
- Created by: Birdy234
- Created on: 20-05-17 15:00
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- Utilitarianism
- Jeremy Bentham
- The Principle of Utility
- The rightness or wrongness of an action is based on its usefulness
- Usefulness based on the amount of pleasure or pain produced
- Motivation of Humans
- Avoid Pain
- Pursue pleasure
- The Haedonic calculus
- Distance
- Repeatability
- People affected
- Remoteness
- Intensity
- Certainty
- Extent
- STRENGTHS
- Haedonic calculus is easy to follow as a set of rules
- Humans naturally avoid pain
- Identifies the seeking of pleasure
- Makes people look at the consequences of their actions
- Weaknesses
- Attempting to quantify the happiness
- Happiness/ Pleasure is personalised to everyone seperately
- Concerned only with the consequences of an action
- Swine Ethic
- Act utilitarianism
- Utilitarianism applied to situations individually
- With the presentation of a dilemma the option of greatest good must be chosen
- The Principle of Utility
- John Mill
- Higher Pleasures
- Pleasures of the mind: reading, music and culture
- Lower Pleasures
- Pleasures of the body: food, drink, sex
- Better to be a human dissatisfied than a pig satisfied
- Rule utilitarianism
- Focuses on general rules that everyone should follow
- Must follow the rules regardless
- Higher Pleasures
- Peter Singer
- Preference utilitarianism
- Utilitarianism where the outcome is what best suits the person involved
- Take the position of an impartial bistander
- Negative utilitarianism
- Minimisation of pain rather than the maximisation of pleasure
- Jeremy Bentham
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