Physics 2.1-4

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  • Using Energy
    • Conservation of Energy
      • Energy cannot be created or destroyed
      • Energy can be transferred from one form into another, or from one place to another
      • Conservation of energy applies to all energy changes
    • Energy and Efficiency
      • No machine can be more than 100% efficient
      • The efficiency of an appliance = useful energy transferred by the appliance / total energy supplied to the appliance (x100%)
      • Measures to make machines more efficient include reducing friction, air resistance, electrical resistance, noise due to vibrations
    • Useful Energy
      • Useful energy and wasted energy both end up being transferred to the surroundings, which become warmer
      • Wasted energy is energy that's not useful
      • As energy spreads out it gets more and more difficult to use for further energy transfers
      • Useful energy is energy in the place we want it and the form we need it
    • Forms of Energy
      • When an object falls and gains speed, its gravitational potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy increases
      • Energy exists in different forms
      • Energy can be transferred from one form into another
      • Energy is measured in Joules (J)

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