AS Biology - Unit 1 - Disease and Immunity (2)
- Created by: Danielle Harris
- Created on: 24-03-13 21:11
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- Unit 1 - Disease and Immunity
- Phagocytes Engulf Pathogens
- 1) The pagocyte recognises the antigen of a pathogen
- 2) The cytoplasm of the phagocyte moves around the pathogen, engulfing it
- 3) The pathogen is contained in a phagocytic vacuole in the cytoplasm of the phagocyte
- 2) The cytoplasm of the phagocyte moves around the pathogen, engulfing it
- 1) The pagocyte recognises the antigen of a pathogen
- Phagocytes activate T-Cells
- Killer T-Cells: they get rid of the pathogenic cells by chemicals and toxins called lymphokines
- Helper T-Cells: stimulate B-Cells antibody production
- Suppressor T-Cells: switch the immune system off once the pathogen is gone
- Memory T-Cells: stop reinfection by remaining after the pathogen dies, provide faster response if reinfected
- T-Cells activate B-Cells
- Plasma B-Cells: produce antibodies, secreting 2 thousand per second, these antibodies destroy the pathogens and neutralize any toxins, however they only last a few days.
- Memory B-Cells: remember the pathogens antigen to provide a faster response if the immune system is reinfected, live for long periods of time, divide rapidly if they later meet the antigen, produce a stronger and more rapid response
- Cellular Response:T-Cells
- Humoral Response: B-Cells
- Phagocytes Engulf Pathogens
- 1) The pagocyte recognises the antigen of a pathogen
- 2) The cytoplasm of the phagocyte moves around the pathogen, engulfing it
- 3) The pathogen is contained in a phagocytic vacuole in the cytoplasm of the phagocyte
- 2) The cytoplasm of the phagocyte moves around the pathogen, engulfing it
- 4) A lysosome fuses with the phagocytic vacuole and uses its enzymes to break down the pathogen
- 5) The phagocyte then presents the pathogens antigens on its surface to activate other immune cells (this only occurs if the phagocyte is a macrophage)
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