Psychology Unit 1
- Created by: Maddie
- Created on: 16-04-13 18:05
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- Unit 1
- Research methods
- Hypothesis
- Directional
- A specific 'direction' is predicted
- Non Directional
- No specific 'direction' is predicted
- Directional
- Variables
- Independent variables
- What the researcher changes
- Dependent variables
- This is what the researcher measures
- Extraneous or confounding variable
- Something other than an independent variable the researcher cannot change
- Independent variables
- Sampling
- Random
- Everyone has an equal chance of being selected
- Opportunity
- Ask anyone you can find to participate
- Volunteer sampling
- Advertise for people to help you, eg for a small fee
- Random
- Pilot study
- Testing out a small version of the experiment
- Ethical issues
- WDPCC
- Widthdrawal
- Deception
- Protection
- Confidentiality
- (Informed) Consent
- WDPCC
- Experiments
- Field
- Variables are manipulated in a natural area
- Natural
- In a real life scenario
- Field
- Correlational analysis
- A technique that shows whether or not variables are connected
- Quantitative
- 1. To do with quantity
- 2. Focused on collecting numbers
- 3. Very controlled
- 4. Analysis is objective
- Qualitative
- 2. Focused on collecting opinions
- 1. To do with quality
- 3. Less controlled
- 4. Analysis can be subjunctive
- Measures of dispersion
- Range
- The distance between the highest and lowest value of data
- Semi-interquartile rnage
- Remove top and bottom quarter of data then calcuate the range
- Standard deviation
- A calculation that tells us the average 'distance from the mean' of the data points
- Range
- Graphs
- Bar charts
- Histogram
- Frequency pologon
- Scattergraph
- Hypothesis
- Cognitive Psychology
- The multi-store model of memory
- Short-term memory
- Long term memory
- Capacity and duration: Unlimited/potenially a lifetime
- Duration: Bahrick et al yearbook study
- Encoding: Semantic
- Capacity and duration: Unlimited/potenially a lifetime
- Sensory memory
- Iconic
- Echoic
- Capacity (Miller) 5-9 chunks of info
- Encoding: Sound is ideal
- Duration: 18 seconds with no rehearsal
- Long term memory
- Short-term memory
- The working memory model
- Central Executive
- The visuo-spatial sketchpad
- 'Inner eye'
- The phonological loop
- Articulatory loop and Phonolgical store
- Articulatory loop- Baddeley: 'inner voice' Rehearses for 2 seconds
- Phonological store: auditory aka 'inner ear'- the perception of sounds
- Articulatory loop and Phonolgical store
- The visuo-spatial sketchpad
- Central Executive
- EWT
- Loftus and Palmer- leading questions (car crash)
- Age
- Children
- Suggestability
- Language ability
- Memory processes
- Elderly
- Children
- Cognitive Interview
- Context
- Sequence
- Change
- Perspective
- Change
- Perspective
- Report everything
- Anxiety
- Yerkes-Dodson law
- Violence
- Loftus et al: weapon focus
- Storage disruption
- Improving memory
- Loci
- Narrative chaining
- Acronyms
- Elaboration
- Keyword techniques
- The multi-store model of memory
- Developmental Psychology
- Attatchment
- Research methods
- Qualitative
- 2. Focused on collecting opinions
- 1. To do with quality
- 3. Less controlled
- 4. Analysis can be subjunctive
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