Unit 1.2.1
- Created by: neleanor
- Created on: 17-04-14 13:01
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- Unit 1.2.1
- Somatotypes
- Body shape or physique. Is different depending on the sport and the person.
- Ectomorph:
- Tall and thin, narrow in shoulders and hips, suited to endurance sports.
- Endomorph:
- Fat, tend to be for power sports.
- Mesomorph:
- Muscular, suited to sports that require strength and sudden bursts of energy.
- How can a somatotype be changed?
- Diet, Training Programme, Drugs, Sauna, Illness
- Weight
- Optimum weight:
- Most favourable, best possible, or most advantageous weight.
- Affecting factors:
- Height, Sex, Bone structure, Muscle girth, Genetics.
- Weight-related conditions:
- Anorexia (Without Appetite)
- An illness/eating disorder that results in extreme weight loss and a series lack of nutrition. Can lead to kidney and liver damage.
- Obese
- A term used to describe people who are very over fat. Increases risk of CHD, Cancer, Angina, Heart Attacks, Type 2 Diabetes.
- Over fat
- Having body fat in excess of normal.
- Overweight
- Having weight in excess of normal (it's not harmful unless accompanied by over fat)
- Can restrict flexibility, Decrease speed of movement, Tire quicker due to more effort needed.
- Underweight
- Weighing less than is normal, healthy, or required.
- Anorexia (Without Appetite)
- Optimum weight:
- Drugs
- What is a drug?
- Substances that affect the normal psychological and physiological functioning of the body.
- Two categories: Performance-enhancing and recreational.
- Performance-enhancing
- Anabolic steroids
- Increase muscle mass, Develops bone growth, Increases strength, Allows athlete to train for longer, Increases aggression, Quick results.
- Side effects: Kidney problems, Mood swings, Anxiety, Aggression, High BP, Heart attacks, Strokes, Impotence, Increased masculinity, Infertility.
- Beta Blockers
- Lower HR and lower BP, useful in tense situations.
- Side effects: Tiredness, Depression, Stops the heart.
- Diuretics
- Rapid weight loss, Weight categories, Flushes banned substances.
- Side effects: Dehydration, Muscle cramps, Nausea, Kidney failure.
- Narcotic Analgesics
- Masks pain.
- Side effects: Loss of concentration, Loss of balance, worsens injury.
- Stimulants
- Reduces tiredness, Increases alertness.
- Side effects: High BP, Irregular HB, Faster HB, Insomnia.
- HGH and EPO
- HGH: Like anabolic steroids, Recover quicker, Increases red blood cells, Speeds up training, Reduces tiredness.
- EPO: Increases red blood cells, Increases oxygen in the blood. Side effects: Thickens blood, Inhibits circulation.
- Anabolic steroids
- Recreational
- Caffiene, Nicotine, Ethanol
- Smoking: Reduces oxygen transported, High BP, Poor performance, Increases alertness.
- Ethanol: Calming effect, Slows reactions, Impairs judgement, Dehydrates, Liver damage.
- What is a drug?
- Somatotypes
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