Unit 1.2: Memory

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  • Topic 1.2: Memory
    • Secondary Storage
      • Optical
        • E.g. CD, DVD, Blu-Ray
        • Easy to Scratch
        • Fairly easy to move around.
        • Uses laser technology to identify gaps and lines
          • Known as Lands & Pits - Represents 1 and 0.
            • Reference Image Here:
      • Solid State
        • SSD Drives
        • More Robust
          • Less Moving Parts
        • Most commonly used in the world.
        • Uses circuit boards and electdricity to trap in barriers
          • These represent 1 and 0.
      • Magnetic
        • E.g. USB Stick
        • Older-Style Hard Drives
        • Has hard portability
        • Less Robust
          • Many moving parts.
        • Can get damaged easily due to moving parts.
        • Works with magnets with two reactions: Together, Not Together
      • Examples of characteristics
        • Size
          • Capacity
          • Physical
            • Portability
        • Durability
        • Cost
        • Speed
        • Reliability
        • Permanent (Never Lost)
    • Primary Memory
      • RAM
        • Stores programs and files in use.
        • Stands for Random Access Memory
        • Volatile - Deleted when there is no power.
      • ROM
        • Non-Volatile
          • Doesn't get deleted when it loses power.
        • Files in this section cannot be modified.
        • Stands for Read Only Memory.
        • Stores the BIOS and Bootup Sequence.
          • BIOS: Basic Input Output System
      • Virtual Memory
        • Uses Secondary Storage
        • Used to Act as RAM
        • It shouldn't be used as it will slow down a PC because this part is further away from the RAM/CPU.
          • Slows access to instructions.
        • Only used when the RAM is full.
    • Units
      • Bit
      • Nibble
      • Byte
        • B
      • Kilobyte
        • KB
      • Megabyte
        • MB
      • Gigabyte
        • GB
      • Terabyte
        • TB
      • Petabyte
        • PB
    • Compression
      • Part of the Utility Software
      • Lossy
        • Compresses the data, but some data is permanently lost.
          • Uses in: JPEG or MP3 files.
      • Lossless
        • Compresses the data, but rebuilds itself to the original copy when re-opened.
          • Uses in: DOCX or ZIP files.
    • Data Storage
      • Untitled

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