Section 1, Chapter 2

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  • Chapter 2: Different business forms
    • businesses with unlimited liability
      • Unlimited liability: the finances of the business are treated as inseparable from the finances of the business owner(s)
      • Sole trader: an individual who owns and operates his or her own business
      • partnerships exists when two or more people start a business without forming a company
    • businesses with limited liability
      • Limited liability: the legal duty to pay debts run up by a business stays with the business itself, not its owner/shareholders
      • to gain benefits, the business must go through incorporation
        • Incorportation: creates a separate legal identity for the organisation
      • advantages
        • shareholders experience the benefits of limited liability including the confidence to expand
        • able to gain access to a wider range of borrowing opportunities
      • disadvantages
        • must make financial information available publicly on  Companies House
        • have to follow more expensive rules than unlimited liability businesses
    • private limited companies
      • the start-up capital will often be £100 which can be wholly earned by the entrepreneur, or other people can be brough in as investors
      • the shares cannot be bought and sold without the agreements of other directors
      • must state Ltd after the name
    • Public limited companies
      • when a Ltd expands to the point of having share capital of more than £50 000, it can convert to a Plc
    • other forms of organisations
      • Co-operatives
      • Non-profit organisations
        • Mutual businesses
        • Charities

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