LEDC CLIMATIC HAZARD CASE STUDY
- Created by: 11ccasteleyn
- Created on: 07-11-15 15:36
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- Typhoon Haiyan, Phillipines, 2013
- How it occured
- Form 5-15 north and south of equator
- Strong trade winds drive storm
- From east to west
- Strong trade winds drive storm
- Sea temperature 27
- Water at least 60m deep
- Air above warm sea rises rapidly
- Casuses low pressure
- As air rises...
- Cools and condenses
- Clouds
- If sea is warm enough...
- Upward movement sucks in more warm air
- This evaporates more water as the storm builds
- More this happens, the larger the source of energy and life of storm.
- This evaporates more water as the storm builds
- Upward movement sucks in more warm air
- If sea is warm enough...
- Clouds
- Cools and condenses
- In the centre...
- Area of high pressure
- No clouds
- The eye
- As air rises...
- Casuses low pressure
- Storm loses energy when heat and moisture disappears.
- Reaches land
- Moves to higher latitudes
- Saffir-Simpson scale- category 5
- Form 5-15 north and south of equator
- Where?
- Several hundred km south east of Pohnpei
- In federated states of Micronesia
- Several hundred km south east of Pohnpei
- Fast Facts
- 235mph wind
- 375 miles wide
- Storm surge of 20m
- Primary effects
- 11.5 million effected
- 5,209 dead
- 544,000 dispaced
- 130,000 houses destroyed
- 1,215 evacuation centres set up
- Hard to access people in rural areas
- 2.5 million in need of food aid due to contaminated water
- WHO sent 3,000 diarreheal kits and 120,000 people were given food for a month
- East Visayas
- Most affected
- 5,877 dead
- 26,000 injured
- Most affected
- Secondary effects
- Rice and sugar areas of the Phillipines have been destroyed Sugar
- Sugar Regulatroy Administration
- 50,000-120,000 tonnes of sugar lost
- Phillipine government
- 71,000 hectares affected farmland
- $85 million worth of damage
- 71,000 hectares affected farmland
- Devastating effect on wildlife
- Devastating affect on employment
- Biggest producer of coconut oil
- Many plantations have been flattened
- Affect trade in cocunt
- Many plantations have been flattened
- Are storms increasing?
- Increase in carbon dioxide
- Increases greenhouse effect
- Increases global warming
- Seas are warmer
- Perfect for storms
- Seas are warmer
- Increases global warming
- Increases greenhouse effect
- Increase in carbon dioxide
- Prevention
- 800,000 move to evacuation centres before typhoon hit
- However, brick and mrtor trucutres were not enough to withstand the jet forces and walls of waves
- 2 days before typhoon hit....
- International Red Cross and Red Cresecent Societies predicted a typhoon
- More than 750,000 evacuated
- Thursday and Friday- PAGASA sent regular warnings of a 7m storm surge
- Some didn't beleive it
- Thursday and Friday- PAGASA sent regular warnings of a 7m storm surge
- More than 750,000 evacuated
- International Red Cross and Red Cresecent Societies predicted a typhoon
- 2 days before typhoon hit....
- However, brick and mrtor trucutres were not enough to withstand the jet forces and walls of waves
- 800,000 move to evacuation centres before typhoon hit
- Monitoring
- 2nd November JTWC monitored the low pressure area
- 6th November- Category 5
- Emergency Response
- World Vision
- Distributed food and water to 400,000 people
- 200 local members took part
- First emergency teams
- Arrived in Tacloban
- They were expert advisors
- 8UK government commercial and military flights
- Gave 16,000 hygiene kits
- 17,000 shelter kits
- 8UK government commercial and military flights
- They were expert advisors
- CAFOD
- Provided essential items
- Arrived in Tacloban
- World Vision
- Emergency Response
- 6th November- Category 5
- 2nd November JTWC monitored the low pressure area
- Recovery
- Red Cross and Red Cresent Society
- Distributed cash grants to 75,000 households
- Meet 25% of emergency shelter needs
- Provide tents to 140,000 households
- Labour Department has given jobs to 33,388 people
- Vowed to replace and repair 3,000 fishing boats
- Labour Department has given jobs to 33,388 people
- Provide tents to 140,000 households
- Meet 25% of emergency shelter needs
- Distributed cash grants to 75,000 households
- Red Cross and Red Cresent Society
- Reconstruction
- Plan to construct 2,313 classrooms
- 101 finished
- 1,095 constructed
- 5.8km of 116km of national roads constructed
- 3/34 bridges
- 33/99 flood control defenses
- $763 million pledged. Only recieved 50%
- Prevention
- Encouraged to have roof and walls to withstand wind
- Survival kit with 3 days of water supply
- Evacuation centres and hazard maps with clear evacuation routes
- Survival kit with 3 days of water supply
- Encouraged to have roof and walls to withstand wind
- Plan to construct 2,313 classrooms
- How it occured
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