Types of Volcanoes
- Created by: Labake
- Created on: 05-11-14 15:23
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- Types of Volcano
- Shield/Basic Volcano
- Large
- Low
- Wide base
- Gentle slopes
- Found at Constructive margins (Iceland- Mid Atlantic Ridge)
- Found at hotspots e.g. Mauna Loa, Hawaii
- Hawaiian Eruptions
- Gentle
- Runny Basalt lava
- Low Viscosity
- Composite/ Stratovolcano
- Large
- Cone Shaped
- Steep sided
- Has secondary cones (vents)
- Made of layers of ash and lava
- E.g. Mt. Pinatubo
- Vesuvian Eruptions
- Non-frequent
- Violent
- Viscous andesitic lava
- Found around destructive subduction margins
- Ash and Cinder Cones
- Steep sided
- Concave
- Syymetrical
- Vary from 2m to 100's of m high
- Bowl shaped crater
- E.g. Sunset crater in Arizona
- Various types of eruptions
- Emissions of tephra
- Gassy lava (explosive)
- Found around shield and composite volcanoes
- Acid Dome Volcano
- Convex
- Steep sided
- E.g. Mount Pelee on Martinique
- Peleean Eruptions
- Unfrequent
- Very violent
- Very viscous rhyolitic lava
- Pyroclastic flows
- Found around destructive subduction margins
- Calderas
- Steep sided
- Missing summit replaced by massive crater that can fill with water
- Diameter of crater can extend to km's
- Various types of eruptions
- Pyroclastic flow
- Rhyolitic and Andesitic lava
- Found at destructive and constructive margins
- Types of Lava
- Basic
- Runny,low viscosity with low silica content
- Gas bubbles expand = effusive, fluid eruptions
- Formed from partial melting of mantle
- At constructive margins and hotspots
- Andesitic
- Medium viscosity and silica content
- Formed from partial melting of subducting oceanic plates
- Found at destructive margins
- Rhyolitic
- Highly viscous with high silica content
- Explosive eruptions- gas bubbles can't expand so pressure builds
- Magma can solidify and plug vent= pressure
- Andesitic
- Medium viscosity and silica content
- Formed from partial melting of subducting oceanic plates
- Found at destructive margins
- Andesitic
- Magma can solidify and plug vent= pressure
- Formed from partial melting of continental lithosphere
- Found at continental and oceanic subduction margins
- Basic
- Shield/Basic Volcano
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