Types of proteins - biochemistry
- Created by: HeHeHe24
- Created on: 06-12-19 16:11
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- Types of proteins
- Globular Proteins
- irregular primary structure
- insoluble
- spherical shape
- compact
- metabolic role
- Haemoglobin
- Carries oxygen around the body
- Iron ion haem group to reversibly combine with oxygen
- quaternary protein
- tertiary structure
- 4 polypeptides: 2 alpha & 2 beta subunits
- pick up oxygen due to haem group and release when needed
- has different affinities for oxygen when different levels of carbon dioxide is present
- high carbon dioxide - low affinity - release
- low carbon dioxide - high affinity - take in
- has different affinities for oxygen when different levels of carbon dioxide is present
- Catalase
- catalyses reaction to convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
- enzyme
- increases rate of reaction
- lower the activation energy
- increases rate of reaction
- quaternary protein
- Haem group (Iron (II))
- allows catalase to interact with hydrogen peroxide
- speeds up the breakdown
- ensures hydrogen peroxide doesn't accumulate
- Fibrous Proteins
- regular primary structure
- soluble
- long straight chained rope like structures
- structural role
- Keratin
- hair, skin and nails
- large proportion of cysteine
- lots of disulfide linkages
- strong, inflexible and insoluble
- hair has fewer disulfide linkages than nails
- more flexible
- unpleasant smell when burned
- lots of sulfur released
- Elastin
- elastic fibres
- blood vessel walls
- alveoli in lungs
- provide flexibility
- stretch and recoil
- quaternary protein
- made up of stretchy molecules - tropoelastin
- hydrophobic and lysine rich areas
- joined by cross linked covalent bonds
- insoluble
- made up of stretchy molecules - tropoelastin
- is strong to withstand high pressures
- Collagen
- connective tissue
- skin
- tendons
- ligaments
- nervous system
- 3 polypeptides wound into a long rope like structure
- closely packed triple helix
- many hydrogen bonds
- form long quaternary proteins
- staggered ends
- forms tropocollagen that cross link to form strong fibres
- high proportions of proline and hydroxylproline
- repel each other
- increased stability
- repel each other
- high tensile strength
- Untitled
- connective tissue
- Globular Proteins
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