Types of culture
- Created by: Rachellowe
- Created on: 02-04-18 09:02
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- Types of Culture
- What is culture?
- Language, Beliefs, Customs, Values, Knowledge, Skills, Roles, Norms.
- Socially transmitted
- A subculture is a group within society who share values etc. which are different to mainstream norms
- Mass and Folk Culture
- mass culture is replacing folk culture
- Folk culture is the culture of pre-industrial society.
- I.e. Folk dancing, folk songs, fairy tales, folk remedies.
- Redfield - folk societies were based on strong extended families
- Simnel - urban societies show a reduced sense of community.
- Mass culture is not just the effect of the media but also refers to fashion and other forms of consumption.
- High and low culture
- The elite tend to have a distinct culture from the masses
- I.e. Shakespeare, opera,art etc. all associated with high culture.
- The masses enjoy 'low culture'
- I.e. Soaps, reality tv, fast food
- Aspects of high culture are seen as good for society but they dont make as much money.
- Marxists argue that high culture is just ruling class culture
- Bourdieu - High culture gives status to elitist groups
- The elite tend to have a distinct culture from the masses
- Popular culture
- Based on the idea of an active audience
- Mass and low culture are both based on the idea of a passive audience
- The audience shape and change culture
- Based on the idea of an active audience
- Global culture
- Giddens - technological change has led to globalisation.
- Klein and Sklair - large TNCs are involved in the majority of cultural production
- Sklair - TNCs and the global media have more power than nation states
- Globalisation will replace cultural diversity
- Cultural Imperialsism
- Klein - theres already a trend towards cultural homogenity
- Globalisation is a two-way process
- Many countries are now multicultural societies
- Postmodernists argue this allows people to consume a plurality of cultures
- Globalisation leads to a hybridity rather than one being imposed on another
- What is culture?
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