Turning To Crime

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  • Turning To Crime
    • Theories Of Upbringing
      • Farrington: Cambridge Study In Delinquent Development.
        • Social: Parental Influence
        • Longitudinal Study Using Interviews.
          • 411 boys at the start but age 48 365 were interviewed.
            • Chronic Offenders: Convicted before 21, high daring...
        • Quantitative: No. of offences. Qualitative: Characteristics of offenders
      • Bandura: Social Learning Theory and Transmission Of Aggression.
        • Behavioural.
        • Lab experiment using matched pairs design.
          • 72 Children from Stanford University Nursery School.
        • - Boys more physically aggressive than girls. - More aggressive response in the aggressive model condition than non aggressive model condition.
      • Wikstrom & Tafel: Peterborough Youth Study.
        • Social.
        • Cross-sectional study on 2000 year 10 students from 13 schools.
          • Data collected from official records and the students were interviewed.
        • Propensity induced: risk factors. Lifestyle dependent: social adjustment. Situationally limited: offend when exposed to situational risks
    • Theories Of Cognition
      • Yochelson & Samenow: Thinking Patterns In Criminals
        • Longitudinal study done over 14 years. 255 male participants. Population mainly of those who pleaded insanity and those who didn't.
        • 52 thinking patterns known as errors in thinking.
      • Kohlberg: Moral Development in Children
        • 58 boys aged 7,10,13 &16 given 2 hr interview with 10 dilemmas.
          • Level 1: Pre- morality. Stages 1&2. Level 2: Conventional morality. Stages 3&4. Level 3: Post-conventional morality. Stages 5&6
        • Repeated in UK, Mexico, Taiwan, USA & Yucatan.
        • Supports stage theory.
      • Gudjohnsson & Bownes: Blame Attribution & Type Of Crime Committed
        • Quantitative : Psychometric test
        • 80 criminals. 20 violent offenders, 40 sex offenders & 20 crimes against property.
          • Sexual offenders show the most remorse followed by those who did violent acts against the person.
    • Theories Of Biology
      • Raine: Brain Abnormalities
      • Bruner: Genetic Abnormality

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