Physics Topic 4

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  • Transport on the Track
    • Momentum
      • P = MV
      • Units =kgms-1 Vector quantity
      • Monentum  of an object is a measure of the accelerating force, applied over a period of time, that is needed to bring an object from rest to the speed at which it is moving
        • It could also be the force required over a period of time to bring the moving object to rest.
      • Newton's Second Law
        • F= MA
        • Formula only holds true if mass remains contestant
        • The rate of the change in momentum of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force applied to the body, and is in the same direction as the force
        • F =  ?p/?t
        • The product of a force applied  over a certain time is known as an impulse ?p  = ?t x F
      • Conservation of momentum
        • Initial momentum = final momentum
          • when no external forces act (in a closed  system)
      • Explosions
        • If a staintory object eplosed the total momentum of all its parts will be zero
          • Because the initial momenum was zero!!
      • Newtons third Law
        • For every force there is an equal and opposite force
        • In terms of momentum this means that for any forcing changing momentum in one direction must be encounter by an equal and opposite force to ensure over al momentum is conserved
    • Collisions
      • Elastic collison= kinetic energy is conserved
        • Newtons cradle - a collision causedby non contact forces such as alpha particles being    scattered by a nucleuses perfectly elastic
      • Inelastic collisions are when keneticenergy si not conserved by transferred to other energy forms e.q. heat
      • Ek = p2/2m
      • 1 eV = 1.6 X10-19
    • Circular motion
      • w = 2?f
        • f-1/T
      • Centripetal force = the force that causes acceleration towards the centre of the circle
        • Fprce will be larger if the object has a large mass, the radius is small or is the velocity is large

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