Types of transport systems

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  • Transport in Animals (Part  one )
    • The structure of the heart
      • The muscle that your heart is made of is called cardiac muscle
        • This cardiac muscle is myogenic so it contracts itself
      • The largest artery is the aorta
      • Pulmonary artery and veins
        • The pulmonary artery takes blood to the lungs
        • The pulmonary vein takes blood back to the heart from the lungs
      • There are two large veins called the venae cava
      • The coronary arteries branch from the aorta
        • They deliver oxygenated blood to the muscles of the walls of the heart
      • The heart has 4 chambers
        • The upper chambers on both sides of the heart  are called the atrium
          • They receive blood from the veins and pump into the ventricles
        • The lower chambers are called the venticles
          • Blood flows into ventricles from atria
            • Blood flows left from aorta and flows right fro pulmonary arteries
        • The atria and ventricles have valves between them called the atrio-ventricular vavlves
          • The left valve is bicuspid and right is tricuspid
    • Single and double circulatory systems
      • Humans have a double circulatory system
        • One part of the serves blood to the lungs (pulmonary circulation)
          • The other part serves blood to the rest of the body (systematic circulation)
      • Fish have a single circulatory system
        • The blood is pumped out of heart and to the gills
          • But instead of going back to the heart the blood continues around the rest of the body
    • Open and closed circulatory systems
      • Humans have a closed circulatory system meaning the blood is enclosed within the vessels
      • Insects have an open circulatory system meaning the blood is not contained within the vessels but within the cavity
    • Types of transport systems
      • Humans have a transport system to transport nutrients and oxygen
      • Small organisms do not need a transport system
        • They get their nutrients and oxygen by diffusion because of their large surface area to volume ratio
      • Larger active organisms need a transport system
        • They cannot rely on diffusion because there surface are to volume ratio is not a big

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