Transport In Plants

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  • Transport In Plants
    • Transpiration
      • Open stomata lets out the carbon dioxide
        • To produce glucose
        • Put lets out a lot of water
          • Higher concentration inside the leaf than outside
        • Potermeter can be used to measure rate of transpiration
      • A consequence of gas exchange
      • Main factors
        • Light
          • Light opening up the stomata
            • More light equals to fast transpiration rate
        • Humidity
          • Lower humidity, the faster the transpiration
            • Air around the plant is dry
              • So the water potential gradient between the leaf and air increases
                • Increasing transpiration
        • Wind
          • blows water off the stomata
          • Due to an increase in water potential
          • The more windier, the faster the transpiration rate
        • Temperature
          • Higher temperature, faster rate of transpiration
          • More energy, evapouration
    • Xerophyte Plants
      • Sunken stomata into pits
        • Shelter from wind
      • Hairs to trap moisture
        • Reducing water potential gradient
      • Rolling of the leaves
        • Trapping moisture
      • Thick, waxy layer
        • Which is waterproof
      • Cacti closing their stomata's
        • In very hot temperatures
      • Spines of cacti to reduce surface area
    • Hydrophilic Plants
      • Stomata only present on upper surface
        • Floating leaves
        • Maximus gas exchange
      • Flexible leaves and stems
        • Prevent damage by water currents
      • Air spaces in tissue
        • To help floating
        • Storage of Oxygen
    • Translocation
      • Source to sink
      • Movement of dissolved substances (assimilates)
      • Energy requiring proces
      • Phloem
      • Companion cell transports H+ ions between the source and the sink
        • How substances enter the phloem
        • Active loading
      • Mass Flow Hypthesis
        • Active transport loads sucrose into sieve tubes
          • Water potential decreases
          • Water enter by osmosis from xylem to companion cell
            • At the sink, sugars are removed from the phloem to be used up
              • Increasing the water potential inside sieve tubes
                • water leaves by osmosis
                • the result is a pressure gradient from the source to the sink
                  • This gradient pushes sugar along the sieve tube to where they are needed
    • Transport of water
      • Moving through the root into the xylem
        • Osmosis
          • Moving from high water potential to a lower water potential

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