TRANSPORT AND LEISURE
- Created by: catrionabucknell_
- Created on: 04-06-16 13:22
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- TRANSPORT
- CARS
- 1919-1939 car ownership 100,000 to 2 million
- 1939: 1.4m jobs depended on motor industry
- working class couldn't afford cars
- bicycle sales increased
- 1929-1939 6 to 10 million
- bicycle sales increased
- cars had big effect
- shown by driving tests in 1934
- increased consumer habits
- weekly shops with more products
- increased sale of fridges etc.
- 1964 1st out of town supermarket ASDA - 1,000 parking spaces
- weekly shops with more products
- 1919-1939 car ownership 100,000 to 2 million
- TRANSPORT AND LEISURE
- TOURISM
- 1938 holiday pay act = more free time
- before 1.5/18.5m workers had paid holiday
- March 1938; 7.75m workers benefitted
- amount of paid leave increased in 1960/70s
- 1960: 2 weeks paid
- 1975: 3 weeks
- 1979: 4 weeks
- 1951-1990 no. who went away for 4 consecutive nights doubled
- PRE WAR HOLIDAYS
- seaside visits in the UK was the most popular
- better off went to Tynemouth rather than Whitley Bay
- popular with working class
- in 1930's blackpool 7m WC visitors annually
- BUTLINS
- first camp opened in 1937 Skegness
- by 1939 200 camps - 30,000 visitors
- cheap option for poor families
- also opened up idea of caravan holidays
- opened up places e.g. devon cornwall
- previously restricted to wealthy few (2nd homes)
- opened up places e.g. devon cornwall
- POST WAR HOLIDAYS
- 'home or away'
- by 1951: 25m on holiday in UK and 2 m abroad
- 1971: 34m vs 7m abroad
- more disposable income
- foreign holidays, caravans and butlins continued
- numbers heading abroad increased rapidly mid 1970's
- cheap oversea package tour holidays
- abroad holidays had large effect
- wine consumption doubled in 60/70's
- yes vote in 1975 referendum
- stay in EEC
- 'home or away'
- 1938 holiday pay act = more free time
- SPORT
- IMPACT OF TV
- BEFORE
- radio and national press interest in 'national sports'
- e.g. football and cricket
- early BBC radio coverage in favour of social elite events
- Grand National
- Oxford-Cambridge boat race
- radio and national press interest in 'national sports'
- AFTER
- power of TV captured intense emotion
- e.g. 1948 London Olympics
- impact was limited
- low sales of TV sets
- small broadcast radius
- e.g. 25 miles around Alexander Palace NL
- more broadcasting = less stadium attendence
- power of TV captured intense emotion
- BEFORE
- FOOTBALL
- rise of mass transport and communication = national league
- 1920-22 3 national divisions created
- no. clubs affiliated with FA increased
- 1910: 17,900
- 1967: 30,800
- 1986: 41,000
- ticket sales rose but then declined due to TV
- attendance 1914-1938
- 23,000 to 31,000 at top flight football matches
- ticket sales 1948: 41.2m
- 1969: 29.6m 1979: 24.6m
- attendance 1914-1938
- rise of football hooligans
- influenced decreasing trend
- older relatives stayed at home so youth had no constraints
- british rail cancelled 'soccer specials'
- influenced decreasing trend
- TV had a big influence
- rise of colour, multi cameras and slow motion
- increased viewer enjoyment in 1960's
- 32 million viewers saw England win 1966 world cup
- rise of colour, multi cameras and slow motion
- rise of mass transport and communication = national league
- VIEWING HABITS
- higher fees paid to screen sport events
- huge increase in advertising money in sport
- 1966 - £1m
- 1976 - £16m
- 1983 - £100m
- huge increase in advertising money in sport
- football wages were capped
- unfair for talented players
- ticket prices were low
- threats of strikes by PFA led to this being scrapped
- higher fees paid to screen sport events
- GENDER
- increase in participation 1961-1979
- men: 9% to 30%
- women: 6% to 17%
- lower for women in lower class and married
- reinforced traditional gender images
- increase in participation 1961-1979
- IMPACT OF TV
- TOURISM
- PLANES
- world war advancement made planes a commercial option
- 1920/30's expensive
- only used by rich business men
- scheduled internal flights popular after 1930's
- introduced new means of travel for everyone
- aided by nationalisation of civil aviation 1946
- 1960's emergence of package hoidays
- abroad holidays on mass scale e.g. spain and greece
- showed prosperity of working class
- TRAINS
- growth of railways encourged ribbon development
- e.g. growth of Metro Land
- suburbs in North London linked to centre via metropolitan railway
- e.g. growth of Metro Land
- 1948 big four rail companies nationalised
- make British railway
- Beeching Reports 1963
- recommend closure of 1/2 stations + 1/3 tracks
- closure accelerated mid 1960's
- communities had no public transport
- increased demand for cars
- recommend closure of 1/2 stations + 1/3 tracks
- growth of railways encourged ribbon development
- CARS
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