transcription and translation

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  • Created by: vezting
  • Created on: 18-10-15 18:39
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  • transcription and translation
    • transcription
      • one length of DNA acts as a template
        • the gene unwinds and unzips h bonds between bases break
          • RNA nucleotides pair up with complementatry bases on the strand
            • RNA polymerase lines them up so h bonds can be made
              • mRNA leaves the nucleus whent he rna polymerase reaches the stop codon.
    • translation
      • mRNA attaches to ribosome (rRNA)
        • tRNA molecules bring amino acids to rRNA
          • tRNA has anticodon which is complementary to the first codon on the mRNA
            • a second tRNA molecule attaches itself to next codon on the mRNA
              • the two amino acids join by peptide bonds. tRNA moves away
                • this process continues until a stop codon is reached
    • importance of the sequence
      • forms the primary structure
      • determins tertiary structure
      • 3D shape provides structure
    • cAMP
      • some proteins have to be activated by a chemical
      • chemical cyclic AMP activates proteins by altering their 3D shape so it is more complementary to the molecules
  • C+G, U+A, A+T
    • RNA nucleotides pair up with complementatry bases on the strand
      • RNA polymerase lines them up so h bonds can be made
        • mRNA leaves the nucleus whent he rna polymerase reaches the stop codon.

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