WATER -National and International conflict, Tanzania (River Ruaha) and The Nile
- Created by: aliceoliviaaa
- Created on: 24-05-18 18:48
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- National and international conflict - Tanzania and The Nile
- RUNS THROUGH 11 COUNTRIES (6,700km)
- 300 mil people live within the Nile Basin (expected to double by 2030).
- Aswan High Dam, Egypt
- built to prevent flooding in the summer and also increase water storage for irrigation and hydro-electricity.
- reduction of silt downstream means increased erosion of the nile delta.
- The Nile Basin Initiative
- promotes peace.
- discuss how to jointly take care and share the Nile water.
- The World Bank became involved to establish a common vision.
- in 2010, ETHIOPIA, RWANDA, TANZANIA, and UGANDA signed a New Water Treaty stating that all Riparian Countries should have equal rights to use the nile water.
- Causes of conflict
- Upstream countries build in the Nile causing less flow downstream. EGYPT rely heavily with a population of 85 million people.
- Ethiopia built a 6000 MW dam. - reduces flow of the Blue Nile.
- Unfair Distribution
- ETHIOPIA - major production but low capture. EGYPT + SUDAN - high capture but low internal renewable resources.
- Changes in distribution
- 1929 - 48mil cubic metres to EGYPT. 4 bil cubic metres to SUDAN. (14% going to other 9 countries).
- 1959 - 55.5 bil cubic metres to EGYPT. 18.5 bil cubic metres to SUDAN - used for irrigation for the GEZIRA SCHEME.
- RWANDA and ETHIOPIA need high supplies for irrigation, HEP and industrial processing to reduce poverty.
- TANZANIA, THE GREAT RUAHA RIVER
- Semi-Arid area in Tanzanian Highlands.
- may be WATER SCARCE by 2025.
- Provides water for rice growth and HEP, and is important for wildlife and tourism (the Wetland).
- WWF - dry-season irrigation lead to loss of water from the river and DAMAGED the wetland.
- ALSO, too much water used for HEP so not enough was left for the domestic users. (SUPPLIES SWITCHED OFF).
- Signed treaty stating all riparian countries have equal access to nile water.
- POPULATION - 52 million. GDP - $48 billion
- plans for new pipeline to lake Victoria for drinking water.
- Semi-Arid area in Tanzanian Highlands.
- RUNS THROUGH 11 COUNTRIES (6,700km)
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