Traditional Views (Deficit Theory)
- Created by: BethScott
- Created on: 19-04-15 11:36
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- Traditional Views - Deficit Theory
- Robin Lakoff (1975)
- Women use tentative language
- Adverbs
- Excessive polite form
- Tag question
- Question innotation in statements
- Modal verbs
- Hedges & vague lang
- Women use different Lexis
- Weaker expletives than males
- Specialised fashion & colour terms
- Euphonisms
- Empty adjectives
- Women are socialised to believe that asserting themselves strongly isn't nice or ladylike or even feminine
- Women use tentative language
- Pamela Fisherman (1980)
- Men
- Direct statements to introduce topics
- 'Kill' conversation with minimal responses
- Succeeded introducing topic 96% of the time, even though women attempted to introduce topics more often
- Women
- Ask nearly 3x as many questions than men
- Used 'attention beginnings' like "you know what?" to introduce topics
- Used minimal responses to indicate support
- Women are the "shitworkers" of routine interaction
- Men
- Zimmerman and West (1975)
- Men
- Rarely interrupt one another but frequently interrupt women
- Women
- Frequently overlap each other but don't overlap men
- Men
- West and Woods (1984)
- Where status and gender are in conflict, as with the case of female doctors, gender seemed to override status
- So that low status males would interrupt female doctors
- Men take the role as experts and women downplay
- Where status and gender are in conflict, as with the case of female doctors, gender seemed to override status
- Men use powerful language to take control
- Women use 'tentative' or powerless language which reinforces their inferior position in society
- Deficit Theorists made the assumption that men and their language are powerful and women and their language are powerless
- Robin Lakoff (1975)
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