Trade Unions
- Created by: AbigailCC
- Created on: 21-05-19 03:22
View mindmap
- Trade Unions and Labour rights 1865-1992
- Government and Presidential policy
- National Industry Recovery Act (NIRA) 1933- gave workers the right to organise unions and collective bargaining
- National Labour Relations Act ( NLRA) / Wagner Act 1935 - improve the conditions of workers
- National Labour Relations Board (NLRB) 1935
- Fair Labour Standards Act 1939- set a minimum wage
- Equal Pay Act 1963- gave men and women " equal pay"
- Untitled
- Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970
- Legal cases
- Lochner v. New York 1905- limits on work hours were forbidden
- Congress v. Kansas 1905- minimum wage laws violated the due process cause
- Schechter v. US 1935- declared that the NIRA was unconstitutional
- Economic factors
- WW2 saw wages increase up to 70%
- Henry Ford doubled the daily wage for his employees to $5
- 1950s: average income was 35% than it was in 1940s
- 1950s: 75% of workers owned cars
- High levels of unemployment ( rising from 3% in 1929 to 25% by 1933)
- Post WW2: 31% of the workforce was dropped by 1960
- Role of pressure groups
- Knights of Labour (KOL) 1880s- pressed for an 8 hour day- 700,000 members by 1886 but declined due to the Haymarket affair in 1886
- American Federation of Labour ( AFL) 1886- wanted unions to be recognized- bur employers didn't accept unions
- Industrial Workers of the World ( Wobblies) 1905- fought for better conditions but they were " associated with communism
- Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel workers ( AAISWA)- Homestead strike 1892
- American Railway Union- Pullman Strike 1894- unsuccessful
- PACTO stike- 1981
- Solidarity and unity of groups
- Skilled and unskilled workers- in the early years of the period, unions were more likely to represent skilled workers (CIO break away)
- Ethnic Divisions: AAs and immigrants from Europe and Asia would work for cheaper wages ( Scab labour)
- Gender division : Women didn't want to join unions as there wasn't many that represented their interest
- Impact of individuals
- Henry Ford exerted a tight control over his workforce- introduce welfare capitalism but didnt recognise unions till 1941
- Philip Randolph led the campaign of Brotherhood of sleeping porters and were recognised in 1934 by Roosevelts Railway Labor Act
- OPPOSITION :Taft- Hartley Act 1947: limited the power of unions
- Government and Presidential policy
Similar History resources:
Teacher recommended
Comments
No comments have yet been made