Thermoregulation

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  • Thermoregulation
    • What changes core temperaure
      • menstrual cycle
        • increase in oestradiol circulating during follicular phase causes decrease in basal body temp
        • Increase in progesterone found in luteal phase causes increase in basal body temp
      • meals, ambient temperature, exercise
    • Heat transfer mechanisms
      • Convection: movement of air currently, thermal gradients
      • Conduction: direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance its touching
      • Evaporation: change of substance from liquid to gas
      • Radiation: energy that is radiated or transmitted in form of rays/waves or particles
    • Process of maintaining an internal temperature within tolerable range
    • Warm receptors
      • Sensitive to temperatures above 25oC, unresponsive to temperature above 45oC
    • Cold receptors
      • Sensitive to temperatures between 10oC - 20oC and temperatures above 45oC
      • Mostly A delta fibres, afferent and thinly myelinated, some C fibres
    • Central thermoreceptor
      • located in the hypothalamus, sense the temperature of blood flowing through them, most are warm sensing, very sensitive
    • Heat gain
      • Behavioural mechanisms
        • decreased exposed SA, shelter, seek external heat source, voluntary exercise
      • Physiological mechanisms
        • Shivering, shunting of periphery blood vessels, piloerection, non-shivering thermogenesis, increase in metabolic rate
    • Heat loss
      • Physiological mechanisms
        • decreased metabolic rate(hard), decreased SNS, peripheral vasodilation, decrease in BP
      • Behavioural mechanisms
        • Increased exposed SA, remove clothing, seek out cooler area, seek out air movement

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