Thermal Energy
- Created by: Opugh
- Created on: 18-05-14 14:31
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- Thermal Energy
- Temperature - average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance
- Absolute Zero - when all internal kinetic energy has been removed
- Heat
- Heat transfer
- Collisions cause exchange in energy
- More frequent collisions in hotter part
- Fewer collsions in cooler part
- When collide energy is shared equally - heat is distributed
- Specific Heat Capacity
- Energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg by 1 degree
- E = mc theta
- Heat transfer
- Internal Energy
- Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy
- Potential energy is from the bonds between molecules
- Different molecules have different Kinetic and Potential energies
- Maxwell - Boltzmann Distribution
- No molecules with zero energy
- Only a few molecules have high energies
- No maximum energy a molecule can have
- As temperature increases peak moves down and to right
- Maxwell - Boltzmann Distribution
- Speed of molecules
- Most probable speed - from M-B graph
- Root mean squared speed
- Associated with average KE
- Kinetic Energy
- Proportional to absolute temperature of gas
- 3/2 kT = 1/2 m c^2
- So at absolute zero molecules are stationary
- 3/2 kT = 1/2 m c^2
- Proportional to absolute temperature of gas
- Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy
- Gas Laws
- Boyles's Law
- For a constant mass of gas at a constant temperature, volume is inversely proportional to pressure
- Charles' Law
- For a constant mass at a constant pressure T is proprtional to V
- Pressure Law
- For a constant mass at a constant V, P is proportional to T
- Boyles's Law
- Ideal gases
- Zero size
- Identical
- Collide perfectly elastically
- Exert no force on other molecules exept in collisions
- Enough molecules to apply statistics
- Temperature - average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance
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