Theories on Crime Prevention
- Created by: ecotts
- Created on: 03-04-18 16:52
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- Theories on Crime Prevention
- Right Realism
- They focus on the specific location of crime and how individuals choose crime
- Broken Window
- If graffiti, vandalism and litter is not tackled there will be an increase in crimes
- In order to prevent crime from happening police should crack down and have a zero tolerance policy
- Rational Choice Theory
- Potential offenders act rationally when the have an opportunity to commit
- They way up the risks and benefits before actually committing crime
- In order to prevent crime, there must be a decrease in opportunities, but an increase in risks
- Potential offenders act rationally when the have an opportunity to commit
- Routine Activity Theory
- Crime happens as part of someones everyday activity
- they have to have the opportunity and potential targets
- In order to prevent crime, there must be an increase in capable guardians so there is a decrease in targets
- Crime happens as part of someones everyday activity
- Crime prevention methods
- Situational Crime Prevention
- It relies on reducing opportunities
- Cornish and Clarke
- Making the opportunitiesto commit harder could be developed by putting notices up
- i.e CCTV or Beware of the Dog
- Making the opportunitiesto commit harder could be developed by putting notices up
- Increased Social Control
- Links to Hirsi's Control Theory
- The strong the social bonds are within the family/ communities,it will promote conformity, decreasing crime
- Links to Hirsi's Control Theory
- Situational Crime Prevention
- Broken Window
- Criticisms
- They don't address the wider social causes of crime like economy and social policies
- Zero tolerance and high police presence is not effective as offenders will just divert there crime to somewhere else
- They focus on the specific location of crime and how individuals choose crime
- Left Realism
- they recognise that both offenders and victims of crime are found in disadvantage communities
- High social exclusion
- Marginality
- Preventing Crime involves
- Building community cohesion and strong communities to tackle and come up with solutions to crime
- Tackling social deprivation and improving community facilities
- Intensive parenting support helping the youth as this is where factors of crime are the greatest
- Criticisms
- Left realist are too soft on crime as they focus on the causes and downplay the role of the offender
- the police are seen as extra controlling rather than tackling the crime
- majority of those living in deprived areas do not turn to crime and they ignore white collar crimes which could have more serious effect
- Left realist are too soft on crime as they focus on the causes and downplay the role of the offender
- they recognise that both offenders and victims of crime are found in disadvantage communities
- Post-modernism
- there is a growing emphasis on private crime preventions and controlling of crime
- Surveillance technology to monitor not only offenders but everyone
- Foucault
- Surveillance technology like CCTV and automatic number plate recognition monitor the movement of all people, even if innocent
- Google collects vast amounts of info about people through data collection
- Consumer tracking
- Google collects vast amounts of info about people through data collection
- The widespread surveillance promotes conformity
- as being unsure whether they are being observed or not encourages people to control their own behaviour
- Surveillance technology like CCTV and automatic number plate recognition monitor the movement of all people, even if innocent
- Criticisms
- It does not really examine the implications of this for people's civil and human rights
- it does not recognise the importance or the impact of social inequality
- The CJS is more likely to benefit the middle class groups who have the power and resources to their needs attended to
- there is a growing emphasis on private crime preventions and controlling of crime
- Right Realism
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