Theories of Learning
- Operant conditioning
- Social learning theory
- Cognitive/insight learning
- Classical conditioning
- Created by: tyler stouph
- Created on: 06-04-19 07:40
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- Theories of Learning
- Operant Conditioning
- Thorndyke's Laws
- Law of exercise - rehearsing the stimulus response connections helps strengthen them and reinforce the correct skill
- Law of effect - if the skill is followed by a pleasant reaction, then the SR bond is strengthened but, if the following reaction is negative, then the SR bond is weakened
- Law of readiness - the athlete must be both mentally and physically capable of performing the skill efficiently
- Positive reinforcement
- Rewards given out when desired response is shown e.g. coach giving a badminton player praise for performing the correct serve. Strengthens the SR bond, making the response more likely to be repeated in the same situationj
- Negative reinforcement
- Feedback in a negative form e.g.coach will stop giving negative feedback once the desired response is shown. Strengthens the SR bond as performer will see when the correct response is performed
- Punishment
- This can be used when the undesired response is shown e.g. coach sending a rugby player off the pitch for a reckless tackle. Weakens the SR bond so this action is less likely to be repeated in the future
- Also mention: Trial and error Skinner's rats
- Thorndyke's Laws
- Cognitive/Insight Learning
- Performer learns from past experiences. Performer needs to understand the whole problem before performing the skill correctly. They then base their response on their previous experience and current situation
- E.g. High jumper performing the whole skill to enable them to decide which foot is best to take off with
- Social Learning Theory
- Performers learn new skills by observing others e.g. tennis player watching a serve being demonstrated and then performing it them self
- Attention
- Performers need to be to watch clear demonstrations set to their ability level
- Retention
- Creating a mental picture and mental rehearsal take place when practicing the skill in the mind over and over so correct movements are performed in correct order
- Motor production
- Physical movements to perform the skill
- Motivation
- The learners need, want or desire to replicate the skilled action
- Classical Conditioning
- Athletes know what to do without having to think about it e.g. referee blowing the whistle and everyone stopping as it is the desired response
- Pavlov's dogs
- Operant Conditioning
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