Theories of European Integration

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  • Theories of European Integration
    • Neofunctionalism
      • Spillover effect - Key driver for integration
        • One area of integration necessitates another
          • EG. The creation of a single market necessitates the freedom of movement of labour, and the common recognition of various qualifications
            • Untitled
      • Role of societal groups as pressure for further integration
        • Particular pressure from business groups as they have a distinct interest in further integration and the elimination of all tariffs.
        • Other groups such as European Trade Union network etc.
      • Elite centred - No focus on democracy or accountability.
      • Aspects of "elite socialisation"
        • Meaning that the elites of the European institutions would make decisions based on the interests of Europe as a whole rather than of the members states themselves.
    • Federalism
      • Focus on the idea that the European Project was meant to build a federal Europe.
      • The EU is a voluntary union in which states have chosen to give up some sovereignty for the benefit of all
      • Supranational institutions are central but the council represents the interests of member states
    • Liberal Intergovernmentalism
      • Critique of neofunctionalism
      • Focus on State self interest
        • Integration and co-operation ensured state survival after the end of WWII
        • States will only co-operate when it is in their interest to do so
      • Intergovernmental institutions remain the dominant actors

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