Respiratory System
- Created by: Jelena
- Created on: 20-04-13 22:01
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- The Respiratory System
- Supplies oxygen to blood
- Removed carbon dioxide from blood
- Regulates blood pH (acid base balance)
- Inspiration
- Air pressure in lungs is BELOW atmospheric pressure
- Air moves from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
- Intercostal muscles contract and move upward
- Diaphragm contracts and moves backward and flattens
- Air pressure in lungs is BELOW atmospheric pressure
- Expiration
- Air pressure in lungs is ABOVE atmospheric pressure
- Air moves from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
- Diaphragm and intercostals muscles relax and move up
- Chest wall diminishes
- Forced breathing
- Passive recoil of lungs is not fast enough to keep up so thoracic and ab wall contract
- Decreases pressure in thoracic cavity and increases pressure in lungs, forcing air out rapidly
- Passive recoil of lungs is not fast enough to keep up so thoracic and ab wall contract
- Quiet breathing
- Elastic lining in alveolar sacs recoil as the diaphragm relaxes and air is expelled
- Air pressure in lungs is ABOVE atmospheric pressure
- Ventilation
- Affected by:
- Tidal volume
- Volume of air in each breath
- Respiration frequency
- Number of breaths taken per minute
- Tidal volume
- Volume of air that is moved by the lungs in one minute
- Controlled by respiratory control centres in the brain
- Affected by:
- Two Zones
- Conductive Zone
- Includes: pharynx, larynx, trachea, primary and secondary bronchi, tertiary and terminal bronchioles
- Transports air to lungs
- Warms air
- Filters air taken in
- Respiratory Zone
- Includes: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs
- Alveolar sacs provide large surface area for gas exchange
- Alveolar sacs provide large surface area for gas exchange
- Alveolar sacs surrounded by a web of capillaries
- Only one cell thick
- Conductive Zone
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