Evaluation of the Multi-Store Model of Memory (MSM)
Evaluation of the Multi Store Model of Memory (MSM) for AS AQA A Psychology.
- Created by: Rebecca
- Created on: 10-04-14 15:47
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- Evaluation of The Multi-Store Model of Memory
- Problems
- Oversimplification of STM and LTM as single stores
- There is further evidence that both the STM and LTM are further fractionated
- The idea of rehearsal is too simplistic
- There are two types of rehearsal: Elaborative and Maintenance
- Some types of information are not open to rehearsal e.g. smells
- Rehearsal is not essential for the transfer of information into LTM - some information sticks automatically and immediately
- MSM presents memory as a one-way process
- Logically, information must also flow backwards to make sense of incoming information
- The nature of the experiments
- Most were laboratory experiments
- These typically lack mundane realism due to the artificial situation and tasks
- This means that the results cannot be generalised to the wider population
- These typically lack mundane realism due to the artificial situation and tasks
- Most were laboratory experiments
- Other research involves case studies of single individuals
- These individuals had brain damage
- These individuals could have had an abnormal brain which made the damage possible
- This therefore means there is low population validity
- The results cannot be generalised
- This therefore means there is low population validity
- These individuals could have had an abnormal brain which made the damage possible
- These individuals had brain damage
- Oversimplification of STM and LTM as single stores
- Support
- Evidence from brain-scanning techniques
- Modern techniques of scanning the brain can be used to show the STM and LTM activities are processed in different areas of the brain
- If you ask a person to do a STM task, the prefrontal lobe will be activated
- If you ask a person to do a LTM task, the hippocampus will be activated
- This shows that the STM and LTM must be separate stores
- If you ask a person to do a STM task, the prefrontal lobe will be activated
- This supports the MSM of memory
- This shows that the STM and LTM must be separate stores
- Modern techniques of scanning the brain can be used to show the STM and LTM activities are processed in different areas of the brain
- Evidence from case studies
- Patient HM had an operation to remove his hippocampus to eliviate his severe epilepsy
- After the operation, it was found he couldn't form new long-term memories, although this STM was intact
- This shows that the STM and LTM are separate stores
- This supports the MSM of memory
- This shows that the STM and LTM are separate stores
- After the operation, it was found he couldn't form new long-term memories, although this STM was intact
- Patient HM had an operation to remove his hippocampus to eliviate his severe epilepsy
- Research Evidence
- Glanzer and Cunits (1966) - Serial Position Effect
- They found that when participants were asked to recall a list of words in any order, they remembered:
- The words they had encountered first as they were already in their LTM
- This shows a functional dissociation between STM and LTM
- The words they encountered last as they were in their STM
- This shows a functional dissociation between STM and LTM
- The words they encountered last as they were in their STM
- The words they had encountered first as they were already in their LTM
- After this, the participants were asked to do an interference task
- They could not remember the last words as they had been displaced in STM by the new task
- They found that when participants were asked to recall a list of words in any order, they remembered:
- Glanzer and Cunits (1966) - Serial Position Effect
- Evidence from brain-scanning techniques
- Conclusion
- The Multi-Store Model of Memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
- Is a useful starting point which stimulated much research
- BUT it is too simplistic
- The Multi-Store Model of Memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
- Problems
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