The Impacts of Volcanic Activity
The range of primary and secondary impacts that may result from a volcanic eruption.
Refers to AQA A2 Geography (Plate Tectonics and Assosiated Hazards)
- Created by: Bethany
- Created on: 01-04-14 12:26
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- The Impacts of Volcanic Activity
- Primary Effects
- Tephra
- Solid material of varying grain size, from volcanic bombs to ash particles, ejected into the atmosphere.
- Pyroclastic Flow
- Very hot (800C +), gas-charged, high-velocity flows.
- Made up of a mixture of gases and tephra.
- Lava Flows
- Volcanic Gases
- Includes carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulphide, sulpher dioxide and chlorine gas.
- Sometimes harmful - carbon monoxide emissons from lake Lake Nyos in Cameroon in 1986 suffercated 1,700 people.
- Tephra
- Secondary effects
- Lahars
- Volcanic mud flows.
- Devastated Armero, Columbia, after the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz.
- Flooding
- Melting of glaciers or ice caps such as the Grimsvont Glacial burst in Iceland in November, 1996.
- Tsunamis
- Giant sea waves be be generated after violent, caldera-forming events.
- An example of such an event was Krakatoa, 1883 Tsunamis from this eruption are believed to have drowned 36,000
- Giant sea waves be be generated after violent, caldera-forming events.
- Volcanic Landslides
- Climate Change
- An ejection of vast amounts of volcanic debries into the atmosphere can reduce global temperatures.
- Volcanic eruptions are believed to be an agent in past climate change.
- Lahars
- Volcanic Hazards
- Volcanic effects become a HAZARD when they impact upon the human and built environment.
- Potential hazards for humans...
- Killing/ injuring people
- Burying/ collapsing buildings
- Destroying infrastructure
- Halting agricultural activities
- Primary Effects
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