THE GROWTH OF OPPOSITION

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  • THE GROWTH OF OPPOSITION
    • SOCIAL REVOLUTIONAIRES
      • A combination of MARXIST and POPULIST ideas.
      • Believed the peasants and industrial workers should work together to rid themselves of autocracy
      • Saw the Peasantry as a revolutionary force and called for land re-distribution.
      • METHODS: encouraged strikes in the towns and discontent in the countryside.
        • Terrorism was also carried out: 2,000 political assassinations between 1901 -1905.
    • SOCIAL DEMOCRATS "Marxists"
      • Believed the working classes had to be exploited by their masters. The future of Russia would lie in a class struggle.
      • From 1887, Lenin who joined as a student, came to play a prominent role in the party.
      • Emphasised their debt to the People's Will (For Alexander II's assassination)
      • IN 1903 SPLITS INTO:
        • BOLSHEVIKS
          • LENIN: were the majority of the social democrats.
          • They wanted to work for Revolution. They favoured a disciplined party, to control the members and quality of its members.
        • MENSHEVIKS
          • A minority group under the leadership of Alexander Kerenskii.
          • They believed in gradual change and establishment of a parliamentary form of government like that of France and Britain.
          • They favoured a party which was open to all and to work within the system.
    • The Liberals
      • Wanted to see welfare, education, liberty and the rule of law - NOT REVOLUTION.
      • Wanted a reform of autocracy not a revolution.
      • TOLSTOY: argued for social and legal reform and an end to oppression whilst rejecting violence.
      • BELIEVED IN PEACEFUL EVOLUTION NOR REVOLUTION.
      • 1904 - declared their intentions to work for a constitutional government.
      • Yet liberals had limited political influence by 1905. ONLY SURVIVED DUE TO POLICE DISTRACTED BY SR's AND SD's.

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