Genetics
- Created by: Sophie
- Created on: 05-02-15 11:37
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- Genetics
- Non overlapping
- Base triplets don't share bases
- Degenerate
- More combinations of triplets than AAs
- Universal
- Same triplets code for same AAs in all living things
- Transcription Factors
- Different geners are expressed, different proteins produced and proteins modify cells
- Move from cytoplasm into nucleus
- Bind to specific DNA sites near start of target genes
- Control rate of transcription
- Activators= increase rate of transcription e.g help RNA polymerase bind to start of target gene and activate transciption
- Repressors= Decrease rate of transcription, e.g bind to start of target gene preventing RNA polymerase from binding, stopping transcription
- Activators= increase rate of transcription e.g help RNA polymerase bind to start of target gene and activate transciption
- Control rate of transcription
- Bind to specific DNA sites near start of target genes
- Oestrogen
- Affects transcription by binding to a transcription factor called an oestrogen receptor
- Complex moves from cytoplasm to nucleus and bind to specific DNA sites near the start of the target gene
- Activator or repressor
- Depends on type of cell and target gene
- Activator or repressor
- Levels affect rate of transcription
- Small interfering RNA (siRNA)
- Short, double stranded RNA, 20-25 nucleotides long
- Interferes with gene expression
- Bases are complementary to specific sections on a target gene and the mRNA that's formed from it
- RNA interference- affects translation
- siRNA and proteins bind to target mRNA
- Proteins cut up mRNA into section so it can't be translated
- Prevents gene expression as the protein can't be made in translation
- Proteins cut up mRNA into section so it can't be translated
- siRNA and proteins bind to target mRNA
- Non overlapping
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